Learn to Lead Chapter 14

At the begining of WWII the war look grim, however we won due to ________.

Strategic air power. (14.1)

Germany lost the air war because they used their aircraft ____________.

Tactically. (14.1)

Strategic Bombing:

An independant air campaign intended to be decisive and directed against essential war-making capability of the enemy. (14.1)

3 principles that make strategic bombing the most powerful weapon?

1) Principle of Mass

2) Principle of Objective

3) Principle of Enconomy by Force

(14.1)

Principle of Mass:

All units can group together and concentrate power. (14.1)

Principle of Objective:

Can choose to destroy the most vital elements. (Attack oil and not war-helmet factory...) (14.1)

Principle of Economy by Force:

Concentrate all forces on few vital centers. (14.1)

In the begining of WWII the British wanted to use strategic bombing but ____________. The US wanted to help but did not have approval.

Lacked the means to do so.(14.1)

On January 21st 1943

Strategic bombing was approved for the US. (14.1)

Strategic bombing took

Unprecidented national support and time to build all the planes, bases, air control ect). (14.1)

__________ was the turning point for the allies in the air war because they ___________.

Turning Point

Took control of the air.

(14.1)

After the allies gained air control they had 2 missions

1) Prepare for D-Day

2) Destroy oil and other such vital centers

(14.1)

April 16 1945 was the

End of the airwar. Airpower was then concentrated in the Pacific. (14.1)

Lesson learned about strategic bombing in WWII ETO

1) Time is vital

2) Air power has its own strategy

3) 1st rule is control the air

4) Profited from the mistake of enemy thinking tactically

(14.1)

Warden and the Air Corp Tractical School are alike in that

-They both developed in similar contexts (Air corp overshadowed by Army trying to give it a tactical role)

-Developed a strategic role

-Both focus on destroying the enemy's will and capacity to fight.

(14.2)

Core preposition of ACTS

- Modern powers rely on industrial/economic systems/"industrial web". (Destruction undermines will/capacity to fight)

-Such major points have critical points (bombs placed here will destry the system

-Massed air strike can get though with minimal loss and destroy the targets

-Proper selcetion of vital targets can lead to fatal weakening and victory through air power

(14.2)

Core preposition of Warden

-Modern powers have 5 rings, are like a human body.

-Adds leadership ring. If you cut this ring off you have decapitation (cutting off vital center)

(14.2)

Parallel war

A preposition of Warden's that proposes a "death of 1000 cuts." If everyone strikes at once, it is much more effective. (14.2)

3 flaws/pathologies of the air power theory

1) Over-reliance on metaphor without logical argumentation.

2) Makes a fetish of qualification ad prediction in war (war is unpredictable.

3) Sought to develop maxims that would apply to ALL wars.

(14.2)

Jominian:

A view of war as a mathmatical equation who's variables can be manipulated for success. (14.2)

The Air Power Theory has many _______, but it doesn't erase its _________.

Flaws

Utility

(14.2)

Cyberspace:

Fictionalized computer network containing vast amounts of information that could be tapped for wealth/power. (14.3)

2 Crucial components of cyber space

1) Information exists in electronic format

2) Computers can manipulate (store , search, process, index, ect) that info.

(14.3)

Cyber space is important because __________.

Society is shaped by the nature of media and not really the content itself. (14.3)

Cyberspace is more than hardware and data, it is _________.

Content. (14.3)

Information has ____________. The more efficiently we manage it, the more benefit we get.

Economical value. (14.3)

2 Benefits of cyber space

1) Organizations can be decentralized

2) Organizations can function as a coilition of semi-independant agents.

(14.3)

____________ is one of the military's core values.

Information Superiority. (14.3)

Side effects of cyber space

-How do we manage massive amounts of info?

-How do we prevent mining of large amounts of classified info?

-How do we compartmentalize cyberspace so that right info get to right decision makers?

-What info can we transmit over unclassified civilian networks?

-How do we use info coming from "back channel" sources?

-How computer savvy do user have to be?

-What mechanisms are in place to detect info tampering?

(14.3)

4 Fundementals of cyberspace

1) Info is the coin in the realm of cyberspace

2) Cyberspace shapes authority

3) Cyberspace operates under nontraditional physics

4) Cyberspace brings the frontline to the front door.

(14.3)

The fact that cyberspace has no mass and is global is an example of the findemental of _______.

Cyberspace operates under nontraditional physics. (14.3)

The fact that anyone has access to power is an example of

Cyberspace brings the frontline to the front door. (14.3)

Some of the dvantages of cyberspace are

-The "battlefield" is large and easy to hide in

-Effects are disproportionate to the cost

-Not expensive or hard

-Counter attacks are hard

(14.3)

Info has 3 categories

1) Free (All can have it)

2) Commercial (If you pay for it)

3) Strategic ( There are gate keepers)

(14.3)

Perhaps the greatest lesson we can derive from the AF's revised mission statement is

-The warning of the reality of cyberspace.

-One must understand the implications of a info-reliant military

- Challange us to for look for ways to become the best in cyberspace, to make the best use of it

(14.3)

Airpower:

The ability to project military power or influence through the control and exploitation of air space and cyberspace, to achieve strategic/operational/tactical objectives. (14.4)

Characteristics of Airpower

- Exploits the 3rd demension

-Includes space and cyber space

-Stems from lethal and nonlethal means by air forces to achieve tactical/operational/strategic objectives

-Elevation promotes a different mindset

-Different tempo of operations

-Can rapidly express national will

-Provides leaders with options

-Is a way of influence

-Has versatility

(14.4)

Airspace and cyber space are the __________- to any sucessful modern military operation.

Essential 1st ingredient. Prerequisite. (14.4)

Airmindedness:

Thinking beyond 2 demensions, into the vertical and time demensions. (14.4)

Control of __________ is usually needed for control of the surface.

Vertical direction. (14.4)

Airpower is inherently a _________.

Strategic force. (14.4)

Airpower can exploit the principles of ______ and _________ better than surface forces.

Mass

Manuver

(14.4)

Air power can apply ________ against many facets of the enemy's power.

Force. (14.4)

Air power is __________ intrusive.

Less-culturally. (14.4)

_________, _________, and __________, make airpower the most versatile military component.

Speed

Range

Flexibility

(14.4)

Air power results from integration of __________.

All supporting infrastructure. (People, weapons, logistics, bases, ect). (14.4)

Choosing __________ is a key aspect in air power.

Appropriate capabilities. (14.4)

Air power's supporting bases are essential to _____, ______, and __________ of the air force.

Launch

Recovery

Sustainment

(14.4)

Air power's unique characteristics nessecitate its being _________________.

Centrally controlled by airmen. (14.4)

Air Force Core function #1: Nuclear deterrence

-Assure/Desuade/Deter

-Nuclear Strike

-Nuclear Safety

(14.4)

Air Force Core function #2: Air Superiority

-Offensive and Defensive Counter air

-Airspace Control

(14.4)

Air Force Core function #3: Space Superiority

-Space Force Enhancement/Application

-Space Control and Support

(14.4)

Air Force Core function #4: Cyberspace Superiority

-Cyberspace force application

-Cyberspace support and Defense

(14.4)

Air Force Core function #5: Command and Control

Arraignment of personel, equipment, communications, facilities, and procedures employed by a commander in planning, directing, coordinating and controlling forces and operations in accompliment of the mission.

(14.4)

Air Force Core function #6: Global Integrated Intelligence, Surveillence, and Reconaissance.

-Planning and Directing

-Collection

-Processing and Exploitation

-Analysis and Production

-Desimination and Integration

(14.4)

Air Force Core function #7: Global Percision Attack

-Strategic Attack

-Air Interdiction

-Close Air Support

(14.4)

Air Force Core function #8: Special Operations

-Agile Combat Support

-Aviation Foreign Internal Defense

-Battlefield Operations

-Intelligence

-Surveillence and Reconaissance

-Military Information Support Operations

-Percision Strike

-Specialized Air Mobility

-Specialized Refueling

(14.4)

Air Force Core function #9: Rapid Global Mobility

-Airlift

-Air Refueling

-Aeromedical Evac

(14.4)

Air Force Core function #10: Personel Reccovery

-Combat SAR

-Civil SAR

-Disaster Response

-Humanitarian Assistance Operations

-Med/Casualty Evac

(14.4)

Air Force Core function #11: Agile Combat Support

-Ready the Total Force

-Prepare for Battlespace

-Position the Total Force

-Protect the Total Force

-Sustain the Total Force

-Recover the Total Force

-Employ Combat Support Forces

(14.4)

Air Force Core function #12: Building Partnerships

-Interacting Internationally (mostly militarily)

-Communicate

-Shape

(14.4)

The common position today about the Nuclear Triad

Is to disarm the current nuclear positions and shrink the nomad. (14.5)

Those who wish to disarm the Nuclear traid argue that

America has failed to adaquately alter post cold-war nuclear policy. Terrorism is the primary threat for which conventional weapons are just as effective. We have also signed a disarmament treaty, and if we do not disarm, there is potential for accidental nuking. (14.5)

According to those who wish to disarm the nuclear triad, the safest leg of the nuclear triad is ______.

The sea based one. (14.5)

The nuclear triad has three legs

1) Bombers (1st and oldest leg, 162 of them)

2) Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles (ICBM 450)

3) Polaris SLBMs (14 of them)

(14.5)

During the Cold war

-The US nuclear arsenal was bigger than the conventional arsenal

- Worked primarily on the policy of deterence

-NATO depended on the US and it's nuclear presence

(14.5)

Post Cold-War

The focus on nuclear changed, and the arsenal declined. (14.5)

From 1991-2009, the nuclear arsenal shrank ______%.

75. (14.5)

The current position is to further dismantle the nucear arsenal. They say that bombers are _________ and should be removed. That we should remove the _________ and focus on the __________ because they are safest.

Slow and expensive

450 ICBMs

SLBMs with 24 trident II missiles.

(14.5)

Those position are wrong and the nuclear triad is still relevant for 4 reasons

1)Deterence is mostly psycological.

2) Removing bombers is a mistake.

3) ICBMs have benfits.

4) Half of the sea based would be vunerable at any time.

(14.5)

Deterence is mostly psycological. Demolition sends a ______.

Mixed message. (14.5)

Removing bombers is a mistake because

Bombers demostrate visible resolve. (14.5)

ICBMs have benfits

-Too expensive for other nations to match

-Are fast

(14.5)

Half of the sea based nuclear aresenal (all of America's nuclear arsenal) would be _____.

Vunerable at any time. (14.5)

Shrinking the American nuclear arsenal would increase ___________, and cause the allies ______________ to extended deterence.

American vunerability

America's commitment

(14.5)

In the nuclear triad, redundency offers _________.

Protection. (14.5)