Ethical Research and the Moral Obligations of Research

This set of flashcards covers key vocabulary and concepts related to ethical research and its various components as discussed in the lecture.

Empirical Research

Research that collects evidence to support a hypothesis, either quantitatively or qualitatively.

P-value

The probability of finding a sample as extreme or more extreme than the collected data assuming the null hypothesis is true.

Publication Bias

The tendency to publish positive findings more than negative or non-significant results.

Questionable Research Practices (QRP)

Practices that distort or confuse results to change the significance or relevance of findings.

Fishing Expedition

Presenting exploratory research as confirmatory, using multiple dependent variables without proper hypotheses.

P-hacking

Manipulating data analysis methods arbitrarily to achieve statistical significance or increase effect size.

Replicability Crisis

The current issue in psychology where many study results are found to be non-replicable.

Preregistration

A practice of publicly registering research plans before data collection to enhance transparency.

HARKing

Hypothesizing After the Results are Known, where researchers formulate hypotheses post-factum.

Confirmatory Research

Research designed to test a specific hypothesis or set of hypotheses.