CLA 1101 term

Agoge

training/upbringing Spartan state-run military training system.

Homoioi

equals Full Spartan citizen-soldiers.

Kleros

allotment Land allotment assigned to Spartan citizens.

Syssition

common mess Spartan dining group essential for citizenship.

Helotai

captives State-owned serfs of Sparta.

Neodamodeis

new citizens Freed helots with limited status.

Gerousia

council of elders Spartan council of 28 elders + 2 kings.

Ekklesia

assembly Citizen voting assembly.

Eupatrids

well-born ones Athenian aristocratic clans.

Areopagus

hill of Ares Aristocratic council in Athens.

Archon

ruler Athenian magistrate.

Seisachtheia

shaking off of burdens Solon’s reform abolishing debt slavery.

Zeugitai

yoke-men Middle-class hoplite farmers.

Thetes

laborers Low-income Athenians who rowed in the navy.

Boule

council Athenian political council.

Isonomia

equality before the law Cleisthenes’ democratic system.

Trittys

third Districts forming Athenian tribes.

Ostrakismos

ostracism Exile-vote system using pottery shards.

Ostrakon

potsherd Shard used for ostracism voting.

Strategos

general Elected Athenian military commander.

Nautikos ochlos

naval mob Left-wing bloc of Athenian rowers.

Metic/Metoikos

dweller among Resident foreigner in Athens.

Pentekontaitia

fifty-year period Thucydides’ term for 479–431 B.C.

Phalanx

battle line Greek hoplite formation.

Hoplite

arms-bearer Heavily armed citizen-soldier.

Trireme

three-rower warship Athenian naval vessel.

Peltastes

shield-bearer Light infantry javelin troops.

Sarissa

pike 18-foot Macedonian spear.

Hetairoi

companions Elite Macedonian cavalry.

Lithoboloi

stone throwers Siege engines that launched stones.

Symmachia

alliance Greek military alliance.

Hellenic League

League of the Greeks Anti-Persian alliance led by Sparta.

Delian League

League of Delos Athenian-led naval alliance.

League of Corinth

Corinthian League Alliance led by Philip II.

Hegemon

leader Title held by Philip II.

Makedon

Macedonian Refers to Macedon kingdom.

Bibliotheke

library Library of Alexandria.

Museion

place of the Muses Research institute at Alexandria.

Polis

city-state Basic Greek political community.

Acropolis

high city Sacred fortified center in Athens.

Synoikismos

dwelling together Unification of villages into a polis.

Satrap/Satrapy

governor/province Persian administrative structure.