Synonyms - Water Treatment 2: Reed Bed

crucial

pivotal / indispensable

purifying

decontaminating / cleansing

subsurface flow wetlands

underground wetlands

significant growth

substantial expansion / considerable increase

conventional mechanism

traditional system / standard method

inappropriate

unsuitable / impractical

transfer oxygen

convey oxygen / transport oxygen

microorganisms

microbes / bacterial organisms

aerobic

oxygen-dependent / oxidative

anaerobic

oxygen-free / non-oxidative

interact

interplay / engage

degrade

decompose / break down

pollutants

contaminants / toxic substances

consume oxygen

deplete oxygen / exhaust oxygen

aquatic creatures

aquatic organisms / marine life

welter

be overwhelmed / be immersed

absorb nutrients

uptake nutrients / assimilate nutrients

excess nutrients

nutrient overload / surplus nutrients

die off

perish gradually / be wiped out

foul

contaminate / pollute

artificial reed beds

constructed wetlands / engineered reed beds

horizontal / vertical flow

lateral / downflow

fully develop

mature completely / reach full growth

microbiological organism

microorganism / microbe

diffuse pollution

non-point pollution / dispersed contamination

horizontal

lateral / level

sub-surface

underground / beneath the surface

effluent

wastewater / discharge

rhizomes

rootstocks / underground stems

densely

thickly / closely

diffusion

spread / dispersal

low-strength

weak / low-concentration

undergone

experienced / been subjected to

pretreatment

preliminary treatment / pre-processing

tertiary

third-stage / advanced

polishing

final treatment / refinement

downside

drawback / disadvantage

vertical

upright / perpendicular

sealed

enclosed / airtight

trench

ditch / channel

substrate

base material / underlying layer

sludge

sediment / residue

drainage

water removal / discharge

percolate

seep / filter

outlet pipe

discharge pipe / exit pipe

digest

break down / decompose

sewage

wastewater / sewage waste

standing water

stagnant water / still water

unpleasant

offensive / disagreeable

suspended

floating / not settled

lifetime value

long-term value / durability

distribution system

delivery system / allocation system

purification

cleansing / treatment

expenditure

expense / spending

installation

setup / implementation

maintenance

upkeep / servicing

surrounding landscape

nearby scenery / environment

environmentally friendly

eco-friendly / green

unobtrusive

discreet / unobvious

wastewater

sewage / effluent

virtue

merit / advantage

mechanical

automated / machine-based

environmentally sound

eco-friendly / sustainable

groundwater

underground water / aquifer

estuaries

river mouths / tidal inlets