Equilibrium

equilibrium

reversible reaction in which products rae forming at the same rate as reactants, takes place in a closed system (matter cannot be transferred)

what happens when temp is raised and lowered

raised- less products formed

lowered- more products formed

in an exothermic reaction, what happens when temp is increased and decreased

increased : to the left (towards reactants)

decreased: to the right (towards products)

in an endothermic reaction, what happens when temp is increased and decreased

increase: to the right

decrease: to the left

what happens when you increase and decrease the CONC of a REACTANT

increase : equilibrium moves to right

decrease: moves to left

what happens when you increase and decrease the CONC of a PRODUCT

increase: moves to left

decrease: moves to right

what happens when increasing the conc of a substance in equilibrium

equilibrium shifts so as to reduce the concentration of this substance

what happens when increasing & decreasing pressure in equilibrium

increase: moves to the side with fewer moles of gas

decrease: moves to the side with more moles of gas

the haber process symbol equation

N_{2 (g)} + 3H_{2 (g)} ⇌ 2NH_{3 (g)}

the effect of temperature on ammonia

higher the temperature the lower the yield

effect of pressure on ammonia

higher the pressure higher the yield of ammonia

haber process operating temp and pressure and catalyst

450*C , 200 ATM , iron catalyst

contact process symbol equation

2SO_{2 (g)} + O_{2 (g)} ⇌ 2SO_{3 (g)}

contact process operating temp and pressure and catalyst

450*C , 2 ATM , Vanadium (V) oxide catalyst

uses of sulfuric acid

manufacture of paint

fertilisers

synthetic fibres