Week 7 tuesday

Week 7 Lecture

Week 7 Lecture

A lecture session that took place during the seventh week of the course.

Tuesday Lecture

A lecture that occurred on a Tuesday during the course.

Public Opinion

The collection of attitudes and preferences of the mass public, shaping individuals' political orientation towards the world.

Attitudes

Comprised of opinions and predispositions, with opinions being subjective evaluations that can fluctuate over time.

Opinions

Subjective evaluations or beliefs that are often short-term and may change based on passing events or circumstances.

Predispositions

Deeply held values or beliefs that are stable over time, defining one's political orientation and core beliefs.

Ideology

A coherent set of principles guiding beliefs, influencing opinions and preferences.

Party Identification

Psychological attachment or loyalty to a political party, distinct from ideological commitments.

Preferences

Ranking different outcomes based on personal choices or comparisons, reflecting individual priorities and values.

Straw Poll

An informal and non-scientific poll used historically to gauge public opinion, often based on convenient samples.

Private Polling

The use of polling data by political candidates, like FDR, to inform election strategies and public policies.

George Gallup

Founder of the American Institute of Public Opinion in 1936, known for creating the Gallup polls and influencing political strategies through polling data.

Random Sampling

A method of selecting a sample from a population where each individual has an equal chance of being chosen, leading to more valid and reliable data.

Biased Sample

A sample that does not accurately represent the population of interest, often resulting from non-random sampling methods or voluntary responses.

Population

The group of individuals that researchers want to learn about or draw conclusions from, such as American voters or UCLA students.

Bias in Sampling

The tendency to have a non-representative sample due to factors like strong opinions, voluntary responses, and low response rates.

Gender Discrepancy

Discrepancy between the gender distribution in the population of interest and the sample, leading to potential biases in survey results.

Response Rates

The percentage of individuals who participate in a survey, influencing the representativeness and reliability of the data collected.

Undergraduate vs

Variances in participation rates between undergraduate and graduate students, impacting the composition of the sample.

Question Wording Effects

The impact of subtle changes in question wording on survey responses, leading to variations in answers even with identical scenarios.

Open-ended vs

Open-ended questions allow for unrestricted responses, while closed-ended questions provide a set of predetermined answer choices, leading to different response patterns.

Acquiescence Bias

The tendency of individuals to agree with statements, especially when limited to binary choices, highlighting the importance of offering a range of options to avoid bias.

Question Order Effect

The sequence in which questions are asked can influence responses, as seen when asking about a strong policy before a weaker one can impact agreement levels.

Question Wording

The specific phrasing of questions can significantly impact responses, showcasing the need for neutral and clear wording to avoid bias and obtain accurate data.

Priming vs

Priming involves shaping initial perceptions through emotional triggers, while framing establishes context to emphasize certain aspects over others, influencing cognitive processes and decision-making.

Argumentation

Engaging in cognitive debate by presenting different perspectives or aspects of an issue to elicit varied responses.

Priming

Influencing individuals' gut reactions or associations towards a topic by framing it in a particular way.

Framing

Contextualizing an issue within a narrative or cognitive argument to shape opinions and beliefs.