Exam #2: Medical Terminology (Chapters 6-9)

Neuron

Nerve Cell

Types of Tissue

Epithelial Tissues-Skin

Connective Tissues-Bone

Nerve Tissues- Nerves

Muscle Tissue-Muscles

Palmar

Hands

Plantar

Feet

Supra-

Above

Trans-

Across

Lateral

Side

Transverse Plane

Cut body in half, so there's a top half and a bottom half

Frontal Plane

Cut Body in half, so there's a front and back.

Sagittal Plane

Cutting body in half, so one side of face is on one side and the other side of the face is on the other.

Posterior

Back

Anterior

Front

Anter(o)

Toward the front; ventral

Ventral

Front

Poster(o)

Toward the back; dorsal

Dorsal

Back

Ventr(o)

Belly Side

Dors(o)

Back Side

Medi(o)

Middle

Later(o)

Toward the side

Super(o)

Uppermost (above)

Infer(o)

lowermost (below)

Proxim(o)

Nearer the Origin (origin = middle of body, near naval)

Dist(o) and Tel(e)

Far or Distant

Caud(o)

Toward the tail (tail = tailbone)

Cephal(o)

Toward the head

Prone Position

Face Down; Palms up

Supine Position

Face Up; Palms down

Pelv(i)

Pelvis

Thorac(o), Steth(o)

Thorax (chest)

Viscer(o)

Viscer(o) (large abdominal organs)

Spin(o)

Spine

Abdomin(o)

Abdomen

Cephal(o)

Head

Cran(i)

Cranium (not including jaw bone)

Encephal(o)

Brain

Acr(o)

Extremities (arms and legs)

Axill(o)

Armpit

Dactyl(o)

Digits (fingers and toes)

Pod(o)

Foot

Peritone(o)

Peritoneum

Peritoneum

The extensive membrane that lines the entire abdominal fall and viscera.

Parietal

Lines abdominal wall, allowing organs to slide.

Visceral

Lines Organs

Pyrexia

Body Temperature

Pyrogen

Produces Fever

Febrile

Fever

Afebrile

No Fever

Antifebrile

Drugs to fight fever

Herni(o)

Hernia

Omphal(o), Umbilic(o)

Omphalus, Umilicus (belly button)

Som(a), Somat(o)

Body

Dehiscence

When opening from surgery of hernia opens, revealing inside of body.

Just the sutures tear apart.

Evisceration

When opening from surgery of hernia, opens and organs or part of body, protrudes from opening.

Sutures tear apart and body part protrudes through opening.

Hem(a)

Blood or Blood Condition

Hem(o)

Blood or Blood Condition

Hemat(o)

Blood or Blood Condition

-emia

Blood or Blood Condition

Hidr(o)

Sweat or Perspiration

Hydr(o)

Water

Plasma

Part of Blood

Muc(o)

Mucus

Py(o)

Pus

Sial(o)

Saliva or Salivary Glands

Ur(o)

Urine or Urinary Tract

Cellul(o)

Cell

Cyt(o)

Cell

-cyte

Cell

Calc(i)

Calcium

Kal(i)

Potassium

Natr(o)

Sodium

-poiesis

Production

-poietin

Substance that causes production

Coagulant

Causes clotting

Coagulate

The process of forming clots or clumps

Coagulation

Blood Clot

In Vitro

Outside the Body

In Vivo

Inside the Body

Thrombocyte

Platelet

Platelet

Cells in blood that allow for clotting as a defense mechanism when you get a cut.

Erythrocyte

Red Blood Cell or Corpuscle

-Have no nucleus

Leukocyte

White Cell or Corpuscle

Corpuscle

Cell

Nucle(o)

Nucleus

Kary(o)

Nucleus

Moprh(o)

Shape or Form

Phil(o)

Attraction

Thrombogenesis

Formation of Clot

Thrombolysis

Destruction of Clot

Thrombolytic

Something that causes clot to break up.

Thrombosis

Clotting in a specific area

Thromboectomy

Surgical removal of a clot

Embolus

Clot or part of clot that has traveled from where it originally formed in the body.

Embolism

Obstruction of a vessel/artery.

Hemolysis

Destroying of a red blood cell.

Hemolysin

Substance that causes destruction of a red blood cell.

Hemostasis

Stopping blood flow.

Anemia

Deficiency in blood cells.

Tachycardia

Fast Heart Rate

Dyspnea

Difficulty Breathing