apush colonies

names of colonies - new england

* new hampshire
* massachusetts bay
* plymouth
* rhode island
* connecticut

\*after dne (dominion of new england) massachusetts bay and plymouth merge into massachusetts)

geographic characteristics - new england

* cold winters
* short growing season
* rocky soil (bad for agriculture)
* forests
* coastal/good harbors

reasons for settlement - new england

* religious freedom
* wanted well-ordered, tight-knit, small communities

economy - new england

* maritime - shipping and exports
* shipbuilding
* fishing
* small family farms
* trade centers

political institutions - new england

* mass / plymouth had theocracies (puritan)
* town halls
* mayflower compact
* fundamental orders of connecticut

religious institutions / degree of religious freedom - new england

* no religious freedom in massachusetts bay / plymouth
* rhode island has religious freedom
* most evangelical/congregational Christians.

education/intellectual development - new england

* education was for upper class, men
* educational center
* harvard (Boston, mass.)
* brown (RI)
* yale (conn.)

land distribution - new england

* small family plots
* community land
* land for the church

demographics - new england

* more families
* less slaves
* mostly english
* more densely populated/urban centers
* less black population

significant events - new england

* william bradford → plymouth

→ mayflower compact
* John winthrop, massachusetts bay (“city upon a hill”)
* pequot war
* navigation acts
* “Dominion of new England”
* Great Awakening/ revivalism
* George whitfield
* johathan edwards “sinners int he hands of an angry god”
* banishment of R. Williams and A. hutchinson = foundation of Rhode Island/ connecticut (thomas hooker)
* salem witch trials

names of colonies - middle colonies

* pennsylvania
* new york
* new jersey
* delaware

geographic characteristics - middle colonies

* more moderate climate
* natural resources
* longer growing season/better soil
* Harbors (NY)

reasons for settlement - middle colonies

* religious freedom
* for profit/proprietorships
* royal charters

economy - middle colonies

* farming - corn, wheat, barley, grain (“breadbasket” colonies)
* some shipping

political institutions - middle colonies

* representative government - assemblies (PA and DE)
* Controlled by England (NY and NJ)

religious institutions/degree of religious freedom - middle colonies

* no religious freedom in mass. bay/ plymouth
* rhode island has religious freedom
* most evangelical/congregational christians

education/intellectual development - middle colonies

* education was for upper class, men
* educational center
* king’s college (columbia) ny
* queen’s college (rutgers) nj
* Princeton (nj)

land distributions - middle colonies

* smaller, nearby farms
* as immigrants came land became more scarce and native land was taken

demographics - middle colonies

* more diversity/influx of immigrants
* english, german, scots-irish, dutch

significant events - middle colonies

* navigation acts
* immigration influx (german, scots-irish)
* william penn, pennsylvania

colonies name - southern colonies

* georgia
* south carolina
* north carolina
* virginia
* maryland

(chesapeake = VA and maryland)

geographic characteristics - southern colonies

* hot (sub-tropical)
* swamps
* rivers
* longest growing season/good soil

reasons for settlement - southern colonies

* for profit
* royal charters
* prisoners/debtors

economy - southern colonies

* agriculture (plantation society) - cash crops for export (tobacco, rice, indigo)
* slavery/slave labor
* little to no manufacturing

political institutions - southern colony

* gentry / landed aristocracy held power
* patronage
* VA - first representatives - house of burgesses
* most colonies answered to the king

religious institutions/degree of religious freedom - southern colony

* anglican
* maryland = catholic, toleration act
* religious freedom except VA (anglican)

education / intellectual development - southern colony

* education was for upper class, men
* less higher learning institutions
* college of william and mary (VA)

land distributions - southern colonies

* aristocratic gentry owned most of the land for large plantations
* some small farmers/backcountry land, pushed boundaries with Native land

demographics - southern colonies

* large amount of slaves (higher % black population)
* Less families/women than in the North

significant events - southern colonies

* establishment of jamestown, first colony
* indian war of 1622 (va)
* lord baltimore settles catholics in maryland
* bacon’s rebellion (va)
* navigation acts
* stono rebellion (sc)
* maryland act of toleration