Network Security

Flashcards covering essential vocabulary and concepts from the Network Security lecture.

OSI Model

A framework for understanding and implementing layered network security.

MAC Address

Media Access Control address, a physical address assigned to a network interface card.

Network Address Translation (NAT)

A method that allows private networks to communicate with public networks while mapping unique external IP addresses to internal private IP addresses.

IPv4

Internet Protocol version 4, a 32-bit address scheme used to identify devices on a network.

Subnet

A smaller network within a larger network, created by dividing an IP network into multiple segments.

TCP

Transmission Control Protocol, a connection-oriented protocol that ensures reliable data delivery.

UDP

User Datagram Protocol, an unreliable, connectionless protocol used for streaming applications.

Domain Name System (DNS)

A system that translates human-readable domain names into IP addresses.

Bridges

Devices that connect two or more network segments and operate at the physical and link layers.

Hubs

Basic networking devices that connect multiple LAN devices without any addressing or filtering functions.

Switches

More intelligent devices than hubs that operate at the data link layer and can process packet headers.

Wireshark

A network protocol analyzer that captures and inspects packets on a network.

Firewall

A network security device that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic.

Router

A networking device that forwards data packets between computer networks. Routers perform the traffic directing functions on the Internet.

IPv6

Internet Protocol version 6, a 128-bit address scheme designed to succeed IPv4 and provide a much larger address space.

HTTP/HTTPS

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (Secure), an application protocol for distributed, collaborative, and hypermedia information systems. HTTPS uses SSL/TLS for secure communication.

VPN (Virtual Private Network)

A private network that extends across a public network, allowing users to send and receive data securely as if directly connected to the private network.

IDS/IPS

Intrusion Detection System (IDS) and Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) are security tools that monitor network traffic for malicious activity or policy violations.