cervical spine

How many cervical vertebrae are there?

7

Which cervical vertebrae are atypical

C1 & C2

What is C1 called

Atlas

What is C1 shaped like

A ring

Does C1 have a body

No

On C1 the ____ receive the condoles of the occipital bone

Superior articular processes

What is C2 called

Axis

C2 has a conical process called the ___ on upper, anterior of body

Dens or odontoid

On C2 the ___ is received into arterior ring of C1

Odontoid (dens)

Which cervical vertebrae has a long prominent spine process

C7

____ are typical cervical veterbrea

C3-C6

What vertebrae is this

Atlas (C1)

1

Anterior arch (with anterior tubercle)

2

Sectional view of dens (odontoid) projecting through this opening

3

Transverse atlantal ligament

4

Transverse process

5

Posterior arch (with posterior tubercle)

6

Superior facet (part of atlanto-occipital articulation with skull)

7

Superior articular process

8

Lateral mass

1

Dens

2

Anterior arch

3

Lateral mass of C1

4

Right superior articular surface of C2

5

Body of C2

6 (joint)

Left Zygapophyseal joint

7

Inferior articular surface of C1

8

Transverse process of C1

9

Dens (odontoid process)

10

Body

11

Superior articular process

12

Lamina

13

Spinous process

14

Inferior articular process

15

Transverse foramen

What are the typical cervical vertebrae

C3-C6

How many foramina do typical cervical vertebrae have

3

What are three unique characteristics of typical cervical vertebrae

-bifid spinous process

Articular pillar

3 foramina

What vertebra is this

Typical cervical vertebrae (C3-C6)

1

Transverse foramen

2

Body

3

Pedicle (floor of intervertebral foramen)

4

Transverse process

5

Vertebral foramen

6

Bifid tip (C3-C6)

7

Spinous process

8

Lamina

9

Superior articular process

10

Articular pillar (Lateral mass of C1)

11

Superior articular process

12

Transverse process

13

Body

14

Inferior articular process

15

Spinous process

What is this

Zygapophyseal joints (left lateral)

What are these showing and what projection is this

Right intervertebral foramina (LPO)

How is the intervertebral foramina shown for each projection Cervical vs. thoracic

Cervical - shown at 45° oblique (upside, posterior oblique)

Thoracic - lateral

How is the Zygapophyseal joints shown for each projection Cervical vs. thoracic

Cervical - lateral

Thoracic - 70° oblique (upside, posterior oblique)

What is the skull-C1 joint classification, mobility type, and movement type

Synovial, diarthrodial, ellipsoid (Condyloid)

What is the C1-C2 joint classification, mobility type, and movement type

Synovial, diarthrodial, plane (gliding)

What is the C2-T12 (intervertebral) joint classification, mobility type, and movement type

Cartilaginous (symphysis), amphiarthrodial (slightly movable), N/A

What is the C2-T12 (Zygapophyseal) joint classification, mobility type, and movement type

Synovial, diarthrodial, plane (gliding)

What is the T1-T12 (Costovertebral) joint classification, mobility type, and movement type

Synovial, diarthrodial, plane (gliding)

What is the T1-T10 (costotransverse) joint classification, mobility type, and movement type

Synovial, diarthrodial, plane (gliding)

What vertebrae does the mastoid tip represent?

C1

What vertebrae does the vertebrae prominens represent?

C7

What vertebrae does the thyroid cartilage? (Adam’s apple) represent

C4-5

What is a cervical spine routine five projections

Lateral, AP axial oblique (LPO), AP axial oblique (RPO), AP axial, AP open mouth

What is a trauma cervical spine routine?

Cross table lateral, lateral swimmers (if necessary)

What are additional projections for cervical spine?

Lateral with flexion, lateral with extension, soft tissue lateral neck, lateral swim swimmers (if necessary), AP Fuchs (if necessary)

What is lateral cervical spine SID

72”

Where does CR enter for lateral cervical spine?

Perpendicular at level of C4

Where is top of IR for lateral cervical spine?

Top of IR is approximately 1 inch above external acoustic meatus (EAM)

What is collimation for lateral cervical spine

10×12

What is breathing for lateral cervical spine?

Full expiration

Why would a swimmers view need to be done?

If C7 and top third of T1 are not visualized in lateral cervical spine

What projection is this

Lateral cervical spine

What is positioning for lateral cervical spine horizontal beam?

Same as lateral cervical spine, except laying supine

What projection is this

Lateral cervical spine - horizontal beam

What is positioning for lateral with flexion and extension?

Same as lateral cervical except flexing neck, and extending neck

What is a lateral soft tissue neck?

Same as lateral cervical except center more anterior

What is breathing instructions for lateral soft tissue neck?

Patient slowly breathes and to fill airway ( for contrast)

What is recommended SID for AP axial oblique cervical spine? (RPO and LPO.)

40 inches acceptable but 72 is recommended

What is patient rotation for AP axial oblique cervical spine? (RPO and LPO.)

Rotate patient to form 45° angle with IR

What is CR angled for AP axial oblique cervical spine? (RPO and LPO.)

15-20° Cephalic

What is CR entering at for AP axial oblique cervical spine (RPO and LPO)

C4

What is collimation for AP axial oblique cervical spine?

10×12

What is breathing instructions for AP axial oblique cervical spine?

Suspended respiration

What is SID for AP axial cervical spine?

40”

What is CR angle at for AP axial cervical spine?

15-20° cephalic

Where does CR enter at for AP axial cervical spine?

C4

What is collimation for AP axial cervical spine?

10×12

What image is this

Lateral soft tissue neck

What image is this

AP axial oblique cervical spine (RPO and LPO)

What image is this

AP axial cervical spine

What is SID for AP open mouth?

40”

What is head position for AP open mouth?

Adjust heads so that a line from lower edge of upper incisors to the tip of the mastoid process is perpendicular to IR

What is “breathing” for AP open mouth

Phonating “ah” softly during exposure

What is collimation for AP open mouth?

6×6

What image is this

AP open mouth