Topic_1_Orientation

What is the study of the structure and shape of the body and its parts?

Anatomy

What is gross anatomy?

The study of large structures that are easily observable.

What system breaks food down into absorbable nutrients?

The Digestive System

What type of anatomy involves structures too small to be seen with the naked eye?

Microscopic anatomy

What is physiology?

The study of how the body and its parts work or function.

Which system includes the brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sensory receptors?

The Nervous System

How many levels of structural organization are there?

Six levels: Atoms, Cells, Tissues, Organs, Organ systems, Organisms.

What does the muscular system do?

Produces movement of bones through the contraction of skeletal muscles.

What is the primary function of the endocrine system?

To secrete hormones that regulate bodily functions.

Which system is responsible for protecting the body from injury?

Integumentary system.

What is the purpose of the cardiovascular system?

To pump blood and transport oxygen, nutrients, and hormones.

What are the two main subdivisions of the dorsal body cavity?

Cranial cavity and spinal cavity.

What role do nutrients play in maintaining life?

Chemicals used for energy and cell building.

What is negative feedback in homeostasis?

A mechanism that shuts off the original stimulus or reduces its intensity.

What are the survival needs of the human body?

Nutrients, oxygen, water, normal body temperature, and atmospheric pressure.

What does homeostasis refer to?

Maintenance of relatively stable internal conditions.

What is the function of the urinary system?

To eliminate nitrogenous wastes and regulate water and electrolyte balance.

What is the anatomical position?

Standard body position used for reference, standing erect with arms at sides and palms facing forward.

What are the three body planes?

Sagittal, frontal (coronal), and transverse.

What does the term 'medial' mean?

Toward or at the midline of the body; on the inner side.

Define positive feedback in the human body.

A mechanism that increases the original stimulus to push the variable farther, often involved in processes like blood clotting and childbirth.