Russia unit quiz flashcards (pt. 1)

Economic Factors

Things that shape the economy (resources, labor, policies)

Economic Questions

What to make, how to make it, and who gets it

Factors of Production

land, labor and capital used to produce goods and services

Command Economy

Government makes all economic decisions 

Market Economy

People and businesses make decisions based on supply and demand

Mixed Economy

Both government and free market control

Socialism

Government controls key industries to get rid of inequality

Capitalism

People and businesses own things and try to make money by selling goods and services

Communism

System with no private property ( the people control everything equally)

Karl Marx

Creator of communism, he believed that workers should rise up against the rich and share their resources

Fascism

One strong leader, Nation and loyalty comes first 

Democracy

People vote and have say in government 

Democratic Backsliding 

When the democracy starts losing freedoms 

Left-wing

Wants change and more equality

Right-wing

Wants tradition and less government control

Authoritarianism

One group or person has all the power 

Autocracy

one ruler

Theocracy

religious leaders rule

Oligarchy

small group rules

Totalitarianism

government controls everything

Liberal democracy

has elections but not real freedom

Kievan Rus

Early Russian state - start of russian culture and christianity 

Russian Orthodoxy

main religion in russia

Romanov Dynasty

Royal family that ruled Russia for 300 years until the 1917 revolution

Peter the Great

Tsar who modernized Russia and made it more like western europe 

Foreign Policy “Putin’s Thousand-Year War”

Idea that Putin sees Russia's history as a long struggle to stay powerful and protect itself

National Review “Putin’s Useable History”

Putin uses history to justify his actions and make Russia look strong and united

Russia’s (Curse of) Geography

Russia is huge and flat so it's hard to defend which leads to invasion

Buffer Zones

An area of land between two countries that acts as a safe space to prevent conflict

Causes of the Russian Revolution 

Poor working conditions hunger unfair government and russia losing WWI

Czar Nicholas II

The last emperor of Russia, unpopular for being weak

Rasputin

Influenced Czar Nicholas’s family which made the Czar less trusted

Bloody Sunday

a group of workers and families marched to the czar’s palace in St. Petersburg to give him a petition asking for better working conditions, fair pay, and more rights

March Revolution

1917 protest that made the czar quit

Bolsheviks

Communists who wanted to take control of Russia

Vladimir Lenin

Leader of Bolsheviks

Leninism

Lenin’s rules for running communism

Leon Trotsky

Leader of the Bolsheviks and red army

Provisional Government

Temporary government after the czar left

Civil War

Fighting between Bolsheviks and their enemies 

Red Guard

Workers and soldiers helping the Bolsheviks

White Army

People fighting against the Bolsheviks

Czechia (KGB)

The Soviet secret police that spied on people and punished anyone who went against the government

Joseph Stalin

Leader of the Soviet Union after Lenin; ruled with total control

Socialist realism

Art that showed the Soviet Union and Stalin as great

Gulags

Harsh prison camps where people were sent to work and often died

Collectivization

Forcing farmers to give up their land and work on big government farms

Five-Year Plans

Stalin’s plans to make the Soviet Union more industrial and powerful

Red Terror

Time when the government used violence to scare and kill enemies

Pogroms

Attacks on Jewish people and their communities

Kulaks

Rich farmers who refused to give up their land to the government

The Great Purges

When Stalin killed or jailed anyone he thought was against him