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Species
A group of closely related organisms capable of producing fertile offspring.
Speciation
The formation of new species through evolution.
Extinction
The death of every member of a species.
Background Extinction
The ongoing extinction of individual species due to environmental or ecological factors.
Mass Extinction
When more than 50% of Earth's species go extinct within a few million years.
Reproductively Isolated
Populations unable to reproduce with each other due to geographic barriers, specialization, or different mating behaviors.
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