Chapter 3: States of Consciousness

What are neurons defined as?

Highly specialized cells that receive and transmit information from one area of the body to another.

What is the point of communication between two neurons called?

Synapse.

What is the most common form of communication between two neurons?

Chemical.

What neurotransmitter is associated with Parkinson’s disease when present in low quantities?

Dopamine.

What is the role of endorphins?

Reduce pain and increase pleasure.

Which neurotransmitter influences the brain's reward system and body’s movement?

Dopamine.

What neurotransmitter influences mood and possibly sleep and appetite?

Serotonin.

What helps regulate the fight-or-flight response?

Epinephrine.

What does GABA help control?

Anxiety.

What makes up the central nervous system?

The brain and spinal cord.

How is electric activity in the brain recorded and measured?

Using an electroencephalograph (EEG).

What type of scan produces images of the brain's structure?

MRI scan.

What is the largest part of the brain?

Forebrain.

What does the Occipital Lobe process?

Vision.

What did the split-brain operation aim to control?

Recurring epileptic seizures.

Which part of the brain is most likely to change in response to enrichment?

Cerebral Cortex.