SRGT 1442 Final Review pt2 ( Ophthalmic Surgery, Surgery of the Ear, Nose, Pharynx and Larynx, Oral Maxillofacial)

What is the action of the acetylcholine chloride?

to constrict the pupil

The cornea consists of ____layers.

Three

The substance found in the posterior chamber is called the ________.

vitreous humor

The jelly like substance found in the posterior cavity of the eye is ______

Vitreous Humor

The _______ is an intrinsic muscle of the eye.

ciliary body

The term used to describe the location behind the globe is _______.

retrobulbar

The outermost tunic of the eyeball is called the _______.

sclera

Strabismus is defined as _________.

a deviated position of the eye

A small lump on the inner our outer surface of the eyelid caused by an inflammatory reaction of material trapped inside an oil secreting gland is called a(n) ______.

chalazion

Eye lubricants which give viscoelastic support to the eye during surgery include:

sodium hyaluronate

An opacity of the crystalline lens is referred to as a(n) _____.

cataract

A person who completely lacks cones suffers from _________.

color blindness

What is the function of the iris?

to regulate the amount of light entering the eye through the pupil

What condition is characterized by excess pressure of the aqueous humor?

glaucoma

What procedure is performed to open blocked tear ducts?

Dacryocystorhinostomy

Phacoemulsification is one method of ______.

removing an opaque lens

Recession or resection is the surgical treatment for ______.

strabismus

What instrument is used to remove the recipient cornea during keratoplasty?

trephine

What is the primary function of the lateral rectus muscles?

lateral eye movement

The nasolacrimal duct drains into the _________.

inferior meatus of the nose

What does the term dacryocystitis mean?

inflammation of the lacrimal sac

Cryotherapy involves the use of ________.

cold

What pathology does the scleral buckle procedure treat?

retinal detachment

Why is dacryocystorhinostomy performed?

To establish a new pathway for tear drainage.

Balanced salt solutions (BSS) is used intraoperatively to ____.

irrigate the cornea

During extracapsular cataract extraction, the _____.

posterior capsule remains

The process of phacoemulsification uses what type of energy to fragment a cataract?

ultrasonic

Why is it important to remove the powder from the gloves prior to performing or assisting with ophthalmic procedures?

to prevent corneal irritation

What is the purpose of placing a traction suture prior to cataract extraction?

to stabilize the globe

Which type of incision used for cataract extraction is self sealing?

corneal

Why is hydroxyapatite used following enucleation?

to provide a base of support for the artificial eye

Betamethasone is what type of pharmacological agent?

anti-inflammatory

Vitrectomy requires the use of what piece of specialized equipment?

diathermy unit

The mucous membranes covering of the eye is called _________.

conjunctiva

The sensory layer of the retina is made of ______.

photoreceptors

_______ is the leading cause of blindness in the United States.

glaucoma

Mydriatics and cycloplegic drugs cause _____.

pupil dilation

Diuretics are used to _____.

reduce intraocular pressure

Decadron is a common______.

steroid

The most common suture needle used for corneal suturing is _____.

spatula micropoint-

The _____ scissors are useful in strabismus and conjunctiva operations.

Westscott

Congenital ptosis is marked by ____.

dystrophy of the levator muscle

Entropion is a condition that affects the _____.

lower eyelid

Iridectomy refers to ______.

the removal of a section of the iris to relieve the pressure buildup that occurs in individuals with glaucoma

Intraocular pressure is measured with a ______ prior to any incision.

tonometer

During what procedure may a patient receive an injection of intraocular gas to create pressure on the retina while subretinal fluid is reabsorbed and scars form?

scleral buckle

During a scleral buckling, a _____ may be used to secure the buckle in place.

Watze sleeve

______sponges are the sponges of choice in Ophthalmic surgery.

Weck

Enucleation is indicated for all Except______.

intraocular pressure

What is another name for the traction suture?

bridal

The corner of the eye is called the :

canthus

A radial Keratotomy is done to correct:

myopia

A cyst of tumor of the meibomian (sebaceous) gland of the eyelid is a:

chalazion

Which of the following procedures would require draping out of both eyes?

Recession/Resection of an extraocular muscle for strabismus

The procedure involving the removal of all orbital contents is called:

Exenteration

The surgical schedule shows the first operation to be "ECCE with IOL, OD". You will be prepare for:

removal of a cataract with lens implant in the right eye

The medication which may be added to a local anesthetic to increase absorption and dispersion/spreading is:

hyaluronidaise ( Wydase)

Which of the following ophthalmic drugs/solutions would be used to constrict the pupil immediately following removal of a cataract?

acetylcholine (Miochol)

All of the following are potential complications during intraocular surgery except:

glaucoma

Astigmatism is:

a defect in the curvature of the cornea or lens

Dilating drops are called:

mydriatics

A uvulopalatopharyngoplasty is a radical operation done primarily for cancer.

False

Sensorineural hearing loss may be caused by damage to the cochlea, the eighth cranial nerve, or the central nervous system.

True

The malleus (hammer bone) is the most medial of the ossicles.

False

During otorhinolaryngologic procedures, the primary hemostatic agents used are Gelfoam and Helistat.

True

Antibiotic solutions are rarely instilled into the ear because of the possibility of ototoxicity.

False

Which of the following might be an immediate post thyroidectomy complication?

unilateral vocal cord paralysis

To ensure patient safety directly postoperatively, what must accompany the post thyroidectomy patient to the post anesthesia recovery unit?

a tracheostomy tray

Earwax is known as____?

cerumen

The _____ transmits the vibrations of the tympanic membrane and the other ossicles to the inner ear via the oval window.

stapes

The _____ is used to suction the irrigation and wound fluids or debris during the otologic procedures.

Frazier

Power drills are needed in virtually every ear surgery that involves _____.

the bone

Myringotomy is performed to alleviate effusion, which is ____.

d. fluid in the middle ear

To begin a myringotomy procedure, the surgeon will first use a ____.

Farrior speculum

Myringoplasty is performed to provide____.

closure of the perforated tympanic membrane

The Farrior speculums size is determined by _____.

d. the diameter and depth of the ear canal

The paired _____ are the large sinuses below the orbits.

maxillary sinuses

Most endoscopic procedures of the nose are performed to treat _____.

inflammatory of infectious diseases

Which of the following instruments would be used to remove nasal polyps?

Takahashi forceps

A/An _____ is typically done for cosmetic reasons.

rhinoplasty

Choanal atresia is a congenital disorder in which _____.

the posterior choanae fail to develop properly

Why is it important that the sterile field not be broken down until the patient is extubated and out of the room following a tonsillectomy?

the patient may begin to hemorrhage following extubation

The primary reason for performing an adenoidectomy is _____.

hypertrophy

During a tracheostomy, ____is sent with the patient to his or her room.

the obturator

During the setup for a thyroidectomy, the patient's neck is hyperextended. This is done by ____.

placing a rolled towel under the patients neck and shoulders

What is the superior opening into the larynx?

glottis

Hemorrhage from the nose is described as ____.

epistaxis

Otosclerosis is the term used to describe ____.

fixation of the stapes

What are the conchae?

osseous ridges on the lateral walls of the nasal cavity

What is the most common autologous site for securing a graft for tympanoplasty?

temporalis fascia

Name the structure that separates the outer and middle ear.

tympanic membrane

The footplate of the stapes rests upon the ____.

oval window

Which tonsils are removed during the procedure called tonsillectomy?

palatine

Which tonsils are removed during the procedure called adenoidectomy?

pharyngeal

Which instrument is routinely used in ear procedures to pass a prosthesis of a graft?

Alligator

Which salivary gland is the largest and is located on the lateral sides of the face anterior to the external ear?

parotid

What is the major concern when operating on the parotid gland?

facial nerve

Which of the following is a symptom of Meniere's diseases?

tinnitus

The term used to define the inflammation of the nasal mucosa is known as ____.

Rhinitis

Which portion of the ear is responsible for equilibrium?

semicircular canals