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1st Amendment
Freedom of Religion, Speech, Press, Assembly, and Petition
2nd Amendment
Right to keep and bear arms
3rd Amendment
No quartering of soldiers
4th Amendment
Freedom from unreasonable searches and seizures
5th Amendment
Criminal Proceedings; Due Process; Eminent Domain; Double Jeopardy; Protection from Self incrimination
6th Amendment
The right to a Speedy Trial by jury, representation by an attorney for an accused person
7th Amendment
Right to a trial by jury in civil cases
8th Amendment
No cruel or unusual punishment
9th Amendment
Citizens entitled to rights not listed in the Constitution
10th Amendment
The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.
13th Amendment
Abolition of slavery
14th Amendment
Declares that all persons born in the U.S. are citizens and are guaranteed equal protection of the laws
15th Amendment
U.S. cannot prevent a person from voting because of race, color, or creed
18th Amendment
Prohibited the manufacture, sale, and distribution of alcoholic beverages
19th Amendment
prohibits any United States citizen from being denied the right to vote on the basis of sex.
21st Amendment
Amendment which ended the Prohibition of alcohol in the US, repealing the 18th amendment
Articles of Confederation
A weak constitution that governed America during the Revolutionary War.
Land Ordinance of 1785
set up a system for surveying and dividing western lands
Northwest Ordinance of 1787
Federal order that divided the Northwest Territory into smaller territories and created a plan for how the territories could become states.
Shay's Rebellion
Rebellion of farmers led by Daniel Shays in western Massachusetts.
Great Compromise
Compromise made by Constitutional Convention in which states would have equal representation in one house of the legislature and representation based on population in the other house
Three-Fifths Compromise
Agreement that each slave counted as three-fifths of a person in determining representation in the House for representation and taxation purposes.
Checks and Balances
A system that allows each branch of government to limit the powers of the other branches in order to prevent abuse of power
Legislative Branch
the branch of government that makes the laws
Executive Branch
the branch of government that carries out laws
Judicial Branch
the branch of government that interprets laws
Electoral College
the body of electors who formally elect the United States president and vice-president
Ratification
the official approval of the Constitution, or of an amendment, by the states
Antifederalists
People who opposed the Constitution and believed in a weaker central government.
Federalists
supporters of the Constitution and of a strong national government
Virginia Plan
"Large state" proposal for the new constitution, calling for proportional representation based on population.
New Jersey Plan
A constitutional proposal that would have given each state one vote in a new congress
27th Amendment
Limits the power of Congress to increase its own salaries
Note
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