Ch. 5 The Integumentary System(2)

What are the three major regions of the skin (integument)?

Epidermis, Dermis, Hypodermis.

What type of tissue primarily composes the hypodermis?

Mostly adipose tissue.

What is the outermost layer of the epidermis called?

Stratum Corneum.

What is the main function of melanocytes in the skin?

To produce the pigment melanin.

Name the layer of the epidermis where keratinization begins.

Stratum Granulosum.

What is the primary function of the dermis?

To provide strength and flexibility through connective tissue.

What type of glands are eccrine sweat glands primarily involved in?

Thermoregulation.

What skin layer contains dermal papillae?

Papillary layer of the dermis.

What type of hair is characterized as pale and fine?

Vellus hair.

Which skin cancer is the most dangerous?

Melanoma.

What immediate threat comes from burns?

Dehydration and electrolyte imbalance.

What does the ABCDE rule help identify?

Characteristics of melanoma.

Which layer of the epidermis is composed of several layers of keratinocytes?

Stratum Spinosum.

How do sebaceous glands function during puberty?

Sebum secretion is stimulated by hormones, especially androgens.

What role does the hypodermis play in the body?

Acts as an insulator and shock absorber.

What are two main types of sweat glands identified in the lecture notes?

Eccrine and Apocrine sweat glands.

What pigment is responsible for dark skin colors?

Melanin.

What are the characteristics of Basal Cell Carcinoma?

Cells proliferate from stratum basale and invade dermis, it is the least malignant and most common skin cancer.

What happens during the aging process concerning the epidermis?

Epidermal replacement slows, becoming thin, dry, and itchy.

What happens to skin and hair during adolescence?

Sebaceous gland activity increases, making skin and hair oilier and causing acne.

What are Merkel cells responsible for in the skin?

Function as tactile receptors for light touch.

What is the composition of sweat produced by eccrine glands?

99% water, NaCl, vitamin C, antibodies, and metabolic wastes.

What is a characteristic of the stratum lucidem?

It is present only in thick skin such as palms and soles.