Honors Freshman English

Clause

Group of words with a subject and verb relationship.

Subject

Main noun or pronoun indicating action performer.

Predicate

Part of a sentence stating something about the subject.

Object

Noun or pronoun receiving action of a verb.

Complement

Words needed to complete the meaning of a thought.

Independent Clause

Contains a subject and verb, expresses a complete thought.

Dependent Clause

Cannot stand alone; does not express a complete thought.

Phrase

Group of words functioning as a single grammatical unit.

Prepositional Phrase

Group of words with a preposition and its object.

Coordinating Conjunction

Joins like elements, e.g., nouns or clauses.

Compound Sentence

Contains two or more independent clauses joined correctly.

Subordinating Conjunction

Joins subordinate clauses to main clauses, establishing relationships.

Complex Sentence

An independent clause with one or more dependent clauses.

Appositive Phrase

Noun or phrase renaming another noun, usually offset by commas.

Infinitive Phrase

Infinitive verb form plus complements and modifiers.

FANBOYS

Acronym for coordinating conjunctions: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so.

Modifiers

Words that provide additional information about other words.

Noun Phrase

A group of words that functions as a noun.

Adverb

Word that modifies a verb, adjective, or other adverb.

Verb Phrase

A verb and its complements, modifiers, or objects.

Complete Thought

An idea that can stand alone as a sentence.

Action Verb

A verb that expresses physical or mental action.

Conjunctive Adverb

used to connect one clause to another express relationships between independent clauses