Lab Practical #2 ENTOM 2120

Tipulidae

1. Long slender legs

2. “V”-shaped suture transects dorsal side of thorax

3. Conspicuous halteres

Limoniidae

• Slender, elongated bodies

• Long, delicate legs

• Wingvenation typically with numerous cross-veins

• Distinctive V-shaped suture on the thorax

• Antennae often longer than head

Culicidae

1. Piercing-sucking proboscis

2. Scales on wing veins

3. Hump-backed thorax

4. Males with long maxillary palps and highly plumose antennae

5. Females with short maxillary palps and less plumose antennae

Tabanidae

1. Third antennal segment elongate and annulated

2. Veins R4 and R5 diverge (shaped like a “Y”) to enclose wing tip

3. Large compound eyes cover most of head

Asilidae

1. Stylate mouthparts surrounded by a beard of long hairs

2. Concave depression on top of head between compound eyes

Syrphidae

1. Spurious vein in wing bisects r-m crossvein

2. Many are bee mimics

Calliphoridae

1. Metallic body color

2. Arista of antenna mostly plumose

3. Postscutellum absent

4. Calypters large and distinct

Muscidae

1. Arista of antenna is plumose along entire length

2. Thorax lightly striped

3. Gray or black body color

4. Hypopleuron without bristles

5. More than one sternopleural bristle

Tachinidae

1. Postscutellum

2. Antenna has a bare, unbranched arista

3. Often heavy abdominal bristles

Braconidae

1. Thread-like antennae with 16 or more segments

2. Trochanters of hind legs are two-segmented

3. Forewings with two recurrent veins

4. Forewings with two small cells below the stigma

Ichneumonidae

1. Two-segmented trochanters

2. Horsehead cell visible in front wing (i,e, forewings lack a costal cell)

3. Females with a long, slender ovipositor

4. 16 or more segments in the antennae

Pelecinidae

1. Extremely long and slender abdomen

2. Shiny black in color

3. Long, threadlike antenne

4. Hind wing lacking closed cells

Chyrsididae

• Body metallic blue or green with coarse sculpturing (many pits in surface)

• Hind wings with no closed cells.

• Ventral side of abdomen concave.

• Able to curl into a ball when threatened.

Vespidae

1. Posterior margin of pronotum distinctly “U”-shaped

2. Forewings fold in half longitudinally

Fromicidae

1. Peduncle located between thorax and abdomen — first (or first and second) abdominal segments separate from rest of abdomen

2. Elbowed antennae

3. Wingless workers; winged swarmers (reproductives)

Sphecidae

1. Lateral margin of pronotum forms a distinct lobe that does not touch the tegula

2. Body relatively devoid of hairs

3. Basal segment of tarsi not enlarged or flattened

Halictidae

1. Body often metallic in color

2. Three submarginal cells in front wing

3. Basal vein in front wing strongly arched (curved)

Apidae

1. First segment of hind tarsi enlarged and flattened; usually bearing a “pollen basket”

2. Body heavily clothed with branched hairs

Megachilidae

1. Front wing with two submarginal cells

2. Pollen basket (scopa) on ventral side of abdomen

3. “Heart”-shaped abdomen

Libellulidae

1. Triangles in front and hind wings are dissimilar in size, shape, or orientation

2. Anal loop of hind wing is foot-shaped with a distinct “heel” and “toe”

3. Notch on posterior side of compound eye

Aeshnidae

1. Compound eyes meet on dorsal side of head

2. Front and hind wings have similar triangles

Lestidae

1. Wings lacking color and usually held open when at rest

2. Only two antenodal crossveins in front and hind wings

3. M3 vein arises closer to arculus than to nodus

Coenagrionidae

1. Wings lacking color and usually held together over the back when at rest

2. Only two antenodal crossveins in front and hind wings

3. M3 vein sharply curved and originating closer to nodus than to arculus

Calopterygidae

1. Wings partially red or entirely gray/black in color

2. 10 or more antenodal crossveins in both wings

Mantidae

Gryllidae

1. Three-segmented tarsi

2. Tympanum located on front tibia

3. Thread-like antennae  as long or longer than body

Acrididae

1. Tarsi three-segmented — often with a conspicuous pad (arolium) between the claws

2. Tympanum on first abdominal segment

3. Antennae shorter than body

4. Pronotum covers the thorax

Tettigoniidae

1. Four-segmented tarsi

2. Tympanum located on front tibia

3. Thread-like antennae as long or longer than body

Rhaphidophoridae

1. Humpbacked body

2. Wingless (secondarily apterygote)

3. Legs long and slender

4. Tarsi 3- or 4-segmented

Cerambycidae

1. Very long antennae (i.e. as long, or longer than body)

2. Compound eyes wrap partly around base of antennae

Curculionidae

1. Proboscis (short and broad, or long and slender) with chewing mouthparts at the tip

2. Antennae elbowed and arising near the middle of the proboscis

Carabidae

1. Hind trochanters large and offset

2. Filiform antennae

Staphylinidae

1. Short elytra that leave more than 4 abdominal tergites visible

2. Superficially similar to earwigs but missing pincer-like cerci

Chrysomelidae

1. Tarsi apparently 4-4-4

2. 3rd tarsal segment bifid; notched for the terminal segment

3. Body oval; colors variable

Scarabaeidae

1. Lamellate antennae

2. Spiny legs with five-segmented tarsi

3. Robust, oval body

Coccinellidae

1. Tarsi appear 3-3-3, actually 4-4-4

2. Body oval and convex

3. Black with red spots or red/orange with black spots

Elateridae

1. Lateral margins of prothorax point backward

2. Prosternal spine works as “click” mechanism

3. Body elongate and parallel-sided

Gerridae

1. Long, slender legs

2. Tarsal claws anteapical (located before tip of leg)

Reduviidae

1. Three-segmented proboscis (SEM)

2. Prosternal groove between front legs (SEM)

3. Head elongate, narrowing behind eyes

4. Lateral margins of abdomen extend beyond wings

Membracidae

1. Large pronotum covers the head and extends backwards over the abdomen

2. Short, bristle-like antennae

Cicadellidae

1. Comb-like rows of large spines along tibia of hind legs

2. Short, bristle-like antennae

Flatidae

• Flattened, wedge-shaped bodies

• Typically possess colorful, often iridescent wings

• Antennae with a short basal segment and a long filamentous second segment

• Hind wings usually brightly colored and concealed under forewings

• Mouthparts adapted for piercing and sucking plant sap

Lygaeidae

1. Oval to elongate in shape

2. Four or five strong veins in front wing membrane

3. Four-segmented antennae

4. Ocelli present

Miridae

1. Cuneus present on front wings

2. Ocelli absent

3. Wings angle down behind abdomen

Pentatomidae

1. Five-segmented antennae

2. Three-segmented tarsi

3. Large triangular scutellum in center of back

4. Shield-shaped body

Pieridae

1. White or yellow with dark markings

2. Front legs well-developed

3. Tarsal claws bifid (each claw is “double”)

Nyphalidae

1. Front legs reduced in size and lacking claws; usually held against the body and not used for walking (ventral view)

Papilionidae

1. Front legs well-developed

2. Stout spur (epiphysis) on front tibia

3. Characteristic tail on hind wings (swallowtails)

4. Red or orange spot on hind wing (parnassans)

Hesperiidae

1. Small to medium-size butterflies with drab orange or brown coloration

2. Quick, darting flight habits

3. Antennae hooked or recurved at tip and widely separated at the base

Geometridae

1. Antennae filiform or pectinate

2. Wings with wavy lines that are continuous from forewing to hindwing

3. Tympana present on first abdominal segment

4. Subcosta (Sc) of hindwing bends sharply downward near base

5. Cubitus of front wing appears three-branched (trifid venation)