Infectious diseases

sports med 2 unit 1

How many reportable infectious diseases are there

68

who do we report infectious diseases to and why

health department

Doctors can use data to pick out the best vaccine and help stop the disease spread

who reports infectious diseases to the health department

physicians

Laboratories

School principals

Hospitals

Directors of institutions

what is infection control

A set of procedures used to help stop the spread of infectious diseases

What is the chain of infection in order

causative agent(pathogen)

Susceptible host

Portal of entry

Mode of transmission

Portal of exit

Source of reservoir

Infectious agent

pathogen

Something that has the possibility to make you sick

Typically a virus or bacteria

Susceptible host

a person who s at risk of getting an infectious disease from a pathogen

What are some examples of susceptible hosts

Kids-poor immune systems typically 12 and under

Pregnant women- baby is sharing mothers immune system

Immunocompromised- they already have a health issue Ex: cancer/diabetes

Elders/Geriatric- immune system isn’t as strong and possibly immunocompromised

Patients- easier to contract an illness while surrounded by it

Portal of Entry

How the disease enters the host

Why shouldn’t we touch out face

our mucus membranes make it easier to get a disease into the body because they have an opening and are moist

What are our mucus membranes

eyes nose mouth

Mode of transmission

how disease spreads from person to person

Direct(touching)

Indirect(touching an object and then someone else touches that object)

Airborne

Portal of exit

how disease leaves

What are some types of portal of exit

nose/mouth

Blood(blood borne pathogens)

Skin(staph infection)

Urine/feces

What are some types of blood borne pathogens

Hepatitis

Hepatitis B(HBV)

HIV

Reservoir

Any place where a pathogen can live and hide

What are some reservoirs

People(hands under the nails)

Animals

Equipment

Water

Infection

When you come in contact with something that you normally don’t touch and it makes you sick

Bacteria

Thrives in warm, dark, wet, and has a food source

Treated using antibiotics

Doesn’t need to be living

Viruses

Needs to have a living host

Treated using antiviral

What are some examples of bacteria

strep throat

UTI

Tuberculosis

Examples of viruses

measles

Chicken pox(can reoccur as shingles)

Common cold