Ch 36. Animal Reproduction 🫃

Asexual vs Sexual Reproduction (basic) 👨‍👦

Asexual Reproduction—benefits, downsides, different forms 🌻

Sexual Reproduction 🤰

Gametogenesis 💒

External vs Internal Fertilization 📥

Aminote Egg + Egg Care 🥚 💗

Human Male Anatomy 🌭

Female Human Anatomy 💘

Contraceptives 🚫

Main Topics (9)
4 + 5

where ONE parent produces genetically identical offspring to itself

1. Asexual vs Sexual Reproduction (basic) 👨‍👦

What is asexual reproduction?

where TWO parents give rise to offspring that have unique combinations of genes inherited from each

1. Asexual vs Sexual Reproduction (basic) 👨‍👦

What is sexual reproduction?

• Benefits of Asexual Reproduction

• Downsides (nondiverse)

• DIFFERENT FORMS of axesual reproduction

2. Asexual Reproduction—benefits, downsides, different forms 🌻

Name the 3 topics of this section

• Energy efficient: no time/energy wasted on mating

• Faster reproduction: all individuals produce offspring

• Preserves good allele combinations

• Can rapidly colonize new areas!

2. Asexual Reproduction—benefits, downsides, different forms 🌻

• What are the Benefits of Asexual reproduction? (4)

• Less genetic diversity is produced

• Changes in the environment will be disadvantageous to offspring with the same genetics as the parent

Example: irish potato famine → genetically identical potatoes all die out from fungal blight

2. Asexual Reproduction—benefits, downsides, different forms 🌻

• What are downsides of asexual reproduction? 🥔 🪦 (2)

• Example of downsides?

• Budding

• Regeneration

• Parthenogenesis

2. Asexual Reproduction—benefits, downsides, different forms 🌻

Name the DIFFERENT forms of Asexual reproduction ⭐

• Budding — outgrowth creates new individual

• Regeneration — regrowth of lost tissue

• Parthenogenesis — develop offspring from unfertilized eggs; often still linked with sexual reproduction or behavior

2. Asexual Reproduction—benefits, downsides, different forms 🌻

   • describe the 3 different forms of asexual reproduction

     • Budding, regeneration, parthenogenesis

• queen bees can choose which form of reproduction (sexual, or thru parthenogenesis) to create a specific type of bee

  • nonfertilized/parthenogenesis: DRONES

  • fertilized/sexual: workers and queens

2. Asexual Reproduction—benefits, downsides, different forms 🌻

How are bees special in their use of parthenogenesis

• Disadvantages ⌛

• Advantage (adapt) 💪

• Switching between Sexual and Asexual Reproduction (aphids) 🟢

• Two Life Stages—Three Main Steps 🥚 🎬

3. Sexual Reproduction 🤰

Name the 4 main topics of this section

• Greater costs of time and energy

• disrupts potentially good allele combinations

• lowers population growth (men cant reproduce)

3. Sexual Reproduction 🤰

What are the major disadvantages of sexual reproduction? (3)

Greater genetic diversity

• produces highly variable offspring. some may be better adapted to current environment conditions

3. Sexual Reproduction 🤰

What is the advantage of sexual reproduction?

Aphids switch between asexual and sexual reproduction depending on environmental conditions

• Summer = asexual (for population growth)

• Winter = sexual (for genetic diversity)

3. Sexual Reproduction 🤰

Switching between Sexual and Asexual Reproduction: aphids 🟢

• How do aphids take advantage of both forms of sexual reproduction?

3. Sexual Reproduction 🤰

   Two Life Stages—Three Main Steps 🥚 🎬

• TYPE HERE

4. Gametogenesis 💒