Clinical Judgement

What is the Clinical Judgment Measurement Model (CJMM)?

A framework used in the Next-Generation NCLEX (2023+) to assess how nurses make clinical decisions.

What are the six cognitive operations in clinical judgment?

Recognize cues, analyze cues, prioritize hypotheses, generate solutions, take action, evaluate outcomes

What is the Clinical Judgment Action Model (CJAM)?

It links the 6 cognitive operations to real patient situations to guide nursing actions.

What’s the difference between actual and potential issues in nursing?

• Actual: The problem is happening right now (e.g., pain).

• Potential: The patient is at risk for developing the problem (e.g., risk for fever).

What is the Competency Outcomes Performance Assessment (COPA) Model?

A model focused on competency-based nursing outcomes, guided by professional standards, QSEN, and IPEC.

What are the core competency skills in nursing from COPA model?

Assessment and Intervention Skills

Communication Skills

Critical Thinking Skills

Human Caring and Relationship Skills

Management Skills

Leadership Skills

Teaching Skills

Knowledge Integration Skills

What are the four components of the Rest ethical decision-making framework?

• Moral Sensitivity: Recognize ethical issues.

• Moral Judgment: Decide what’s right vs. wrong.

• Moral Motivation: Put ethics above self-interest.

• Moral Character: Act with courage despite obstacles.

What is the humanistic-intuitive approach in nursing?

A holistic care approach focusing on the whole person—mind, body, & spirit—not just the illness.

What is the Information-Processing Model in nursing?

A thinking approach like a computer—you memorize and recall information quickly; informatics

Critical Thinking

Analyzing, interpreting, & evaluating information to make informed decisions.

Clinical Reasoning

Thinking through why something is happening to decide the best action. (e.g., deciding when to call the doctor vs. monitoring symptoms).

Clinical Judgement

Choosing the best action based on clinical reasoning, assessment & pt. needs

Situational Awareness

Knowing the patient’s condition to spot changes and act quickly.

Recognizing Cues

Identify s/s, & data from the patient’s situation.

Analyzing Cues

Interpret and organizing pt. information to understand what’s going on.

Prioritize Hypotheses

Determine which potential problems or explanations are most urgent or likely.

Generating Solutions

Think of possible actions or interventions based on the prioritized issues.

Taking Action

Implement the best solution or intervention.

Evaluating Outcomes

Check if the action worked and whether the patient’s condition improved.