HP Axis + Extra

Primary Hypothyroidism T3/T4

low

Primary Hypothyroidism TRH

high

Primary Hypothyroidism TSH

high

Primary Hypothyroidism cause?

Hashimoto

Primary Hypothyroidism Goiter?

yes

Primary Hypothyroidism Feedback Issue?

thyroid gland not responding to TSH

Secondary Hypothyroidism T3/T4

low

Secondary Hypothyroidism TSH

low

Secondary Hypothyroidism TRH

high

Secondary Hypothyroidism cause?

pituitary adenoma

Secondary Hypothyroidism Goiter?

no

Secondary Hypothyroidism Feedback Issue?

pituitary cannot release TSH

Teritary Hypothyroidism T3/T4

low

Teritary Hypothyroidism TSH

low

Teritary Hypothyroidism TRH

low

Teritary Hypothyroidism cause?

hypothalamus dysfunction

Teritary Hypothyroidism goiter?

no

Teritary Hypothyroidism feedback issue?

no hypothalamus TRH release

Primary Hyperthyroidism T3/T4

high

Primary Hyperthyroidism TRH

low

Primary Hyperthyroidism TSH

low

Primary Hyperthyroidism cause?

Graves Disease

Primary Hyperthyroidism goiter?

yes

Secondary Hyperthyroidism T3/T4

high

Secondary Hyperthyroidism TSH

low

Secondary Hyperthyroidism TRH

high

Secondary Hyperthyroidism cause?

TSH releasing pituitary adenoma

Secondary Hyperthyroidism goiter?

yes

Teritary Hyperthyroidism T3/T4

high

Teritary Hyperthyroidism TRH

high

Teritary Hyperthyroidism TSH

high

Teritary Hyperthyroidism cause?

hypothalamus TRH overproduction

Teritary Hyperthyroidism goiter?

no

Hyperthyroidism feedback issue?

there is always negative feedback occuring the system just ignores it

What is the name of the disease that is a primary adrenal insufficiency?

Addisons

Addison's cortisol level

low

Addison's aldosterone level

low

Addison's ACTH level

high

Addison's CRH level

high

Secondary Adrenal Insufficiency Hormone Pattern

low cortisol, low ACTH, and high CRH

Teritary Adrenal Insufficiency Hormone Pattern

low cortisol, ACTH, and CRH

Primary Hypogonadism (Male/Female) Hormone Pattern

low testosterone/estrogen and high FSH/LH

Secondary/Tertiary Hypogonadism (Male/Female) Hormone Pattern

low testosterone/estrogen and FSH/LH

Primary Adrenal Tumor (causes Cushing) Hormone Pattern

high cortisol and low ACTH/CRH

Epinephrine will increase:

glycogenolysis, lipolysis, and gluconeogenesis (think about running away from a bear you need all the energy you can get!)

Thyroid hormone will increase:

gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis (think T=throttle wants more fuel in the bloodstream)

Leptin ________ appetite

reduces

A decrease in leptin causes?

decreased in sex/thyroid hormones and increased glucocorticoids

Fats break down into ________ + ________

glycerol; fatty acids

Liver hepatocytes do ___________ and ___________

glycogenesis; lipogenesis (acts inabsorptive state wants to make all it can!)

For maintenance of plasma glucose need to complete _________, _________, _________, and _____________

glycogenolysis, lipolysis, proteolysis, and gluconeogenesis (wants as much as it can get)

Leptin are made by _________

adipocytes

Gherlin are made by ________ cells

endocrine cells

Incretins are made by ________ cells

enteroendocrine cells

L cells secrete ________

GLP-1

K cells secrete ________

GIP

Insulin increases:

glycogenesis, protein synthesis, lipogenesis/fatty acids

Glucagon increases:

glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, and ketone production from fatty acids

With a cortisol deficiency there is not as much __________ and ___________

lipolysis; gluconeogenesis

Saturated fatty acids have _____ double bonds

no

Monounsaturated fatty acids have ____ double bond

one

Polyunsaturated fatty acids have ______ double bonds

two (or more)