Nursing Exam Review Flashcards

These flashcards cover key concepts and clinical knowledge essential for nursing students in preparation for their exams.

Fluid Resuscitation Success Evaluation

Monitor BP, LOC, and urine output.

Fastest Medication Route

IV (Intravenous).

Action on Medication Refusal

Notify the provider.

Signs of Infiltrated IV

Cool skin, taut/tight skin, IV fluid leakage.

Weight-Based Medication Dosage Calculation

Convert pounds to kilograms.

Hypokalemic Patient Presentation

Muscle weakness, hypotension, dysrhythmias.

Solution for Hypernatremia

Isotonic solution (D5W).

Cause of Respiratory Alkalosis

Hyperventilation.

Common Acid-Base Imbalance in COPD

Respiratory acidosis.

Primary Intervention for Metabolic Alkalosis

Monitor for dysrhythmias with cardiac monitoring.

Symptoms of Respiratory Acidosis

Anxiety, confusion, lethargy.

Expected SpO₂ for Older Adult with Pneumothorax

93%.

Cause of Typical Pneumonia

Streptococcus pneumonia.

Open Pneumothorax Description

Air moves in and out of the chest wall.

Type of Cancer for Prostate Cancer

Adenocarcinoma (slow-growing).

Major Cancer Risk Factors

Obesity and smoking.

Age Risk Factor for Prostate Cancer

Age 65 or older.

Genetic Tests for Breast Cancer History

BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 testing.

Common Cancer Screening in Community Health

Skin cancer screening.

Common Opioid Complication

Constipation leading to impaction.

Delirium Indications

Disorganized thoughts, confusion, altered awareness.

Common Chemotherapy Side Effect

Nausea.

Relief for Chemo-Induced Nausea

Bland crackers.

Treatment for Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Skin

Topical chemotherapy.

Post-Vaccine Immune System Response

Antibodies.

Blood Vessels in Anaphylactic Shock

Become more permeable.

Higher Risk Clients for Sepsis

Immunocompromised clients (AIDS/HIV).

Patients with Risk for Hospital-Acquired Infections

Immunocompromised (AIDS/HIV) patients.

Monitoring During Medication Allergic Reaction

Decreased blood pressure.

Localized Infection Manifestation

Abscess.

Latex Allergy Cross-Reactivity

Tomatoes.

Patient Engagement Indicators

Motivation and engagement.

Pneumonia Type Described as 'Consolidated'

Lobar pneumonia.

1 Risk Factor for Emphysema (COPD)

Smoking.

Function of Dietary Fats

Help absorb fat-soluble nutrients.

Mineral for Oxygen Transport

Iron.

Water-Soluble Vitamins

Vitamins C and B.

Information for BMI Calculation

Height and weight.

Inadequate Fiber Intake Complication

Constipation.

Inadequate Omega-3 Intake Effect

Memory issues.

BMI of 18 Indicator

Underweight.

Sign of Inadequate Vitamin C Intake

Bleeding gums.

Low-Sodium Diet Definition

Using salt substitutes.

NPH Insulin Mixing Technique

Roll the vial in the hands.

Care Team Members for Dysphagia

Speech therapy.

Contaminated Object Transmission Mode

Indirect contact.

Acute Infection Stage Symptoms

Sneezing, coughing, muscle aches.

Lab Value Indicating Infection

WBC count.

Handwashing Requirement

When hands are visibly soiled.

ECG with Irregular P Waves Indication

Atrial fibrillation.

Coronary Artery Disease Occurrence

Insufficient blood flow due to vessel constriction.

Atrial Fibrillation Symptoms

Palpitations and dizziness.

Peripheral Artery Disease Risk Factor

Patients with obesity (high BMI).

Ventricular Dyssynchrony Treatment

Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT).

Pericarditis Presentation and Treatment

Muffled heart sounds; treated with pericardiocentesis.

Shock Type with Large Blood Loss

Hypovolemic shock.

Neurogenic Shock Risk Factor

Patients with autonomic nervous system disorders (e.g., Guillain-Barré).

Public Health Burden

Cardiac arrest.

High Post-Op Complication Risk Group

Patients with respiratory conditions (e.g., COPD).

ICU Patient Psychological Effects

Depression and disorientation.

Ewart’s Sign Definition

Dullness heard below the scapula.

MODS Prognosis

High mortality; know the patient’s wishes for care.

Common DVT Occurrence Timing

During hospitalization.

DVT Prevention Medication

Enoxaparin.

Iron Deficiency Presentation

Fatigue.

HIV Elevated T-cell Monitoring

Tuberculosis.

Pain and Swelling Relief in Feet

Accommodating shoes.

PPE for Influenza

A mask.

Wound Culturing Purpose

To determine which antibiotic to use.

Sinusitis Presentation

Symptoms that do not improve with OTC medications.

Bacterial Meningitis Lumbar Puncture Eligibility

No — due to increased intracranial pressure.

TBI Complication

Blood vessel damage.

Marfan Syndrome Increased Risk

Subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Basilar Skull Fracture Sign

Bruising under the ear.

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Intervention

Antihypertensive medications.

Glaucoma Risk Factor

Severe nearsightedness.

Peptic Ulcer Monitoring After Discharge

Stool color (dark or black).

Levothyroxine Important Teaching

Take on an empty stomach — before meals or several hours after.