biology 2 vocabularies unit 10R

Embryology

study of how organisms develop

Embryo

animal/plant in earliest stages of development

vestigial

body parts that become useless ahh over time (like ostrich with wings)

divergent evolution

common ancestor evolves into new species over time to adapt to environment

homologous structures

skeletal structures or traits that 2 different organisms have, but share a common ancestor

convergent evolution

2 different species undergo the same problems so they adapt similarly

analogous structures

structures/traits from 2 different organisms that serve the same purpose, but the organisms have no common ancestor

cladogram

everything to the left of organism is a trait they have. If the organism is placed before a trait, it means they don’t have it while the other species does.

phylogeny

evolutionary history for a group of species

ancestral / primitive trait

characteristics that evolved in a common ancestor

derived trait

characteristic that evolved with one group but not another

classification

grouping of objects or info based on genetics

taxonomy

branch of biology that groups and names based on studies of shared characteristics.

what did Carolus Linneaus make to be the current classification system?

Linnean System

how are scientific names constructed?

Genus + species

dichotomous keys

used to find living organisms through asking questions about their characteristics