Constitutional Law Review Flashcards

Flashcards on Constitutional Law, Separation of Powers, and Legal Branches

What is separation of powers?

The division of legislative, executive, and judicial functions among separate and independent bodies.

What is the purpose of separation of powers?

To limit arbitrary excesses by government by requiring sanction of all three branches for making, executing, and administering laws.

What is the origin of the doctrine of separation of powers?

Ancient and medieval theories of mixed government.

Who provided the first modern formulation of the doctrine of separation of powers?

Montesquieu.

How did Montesquieu's work impact America?

Framing of the U.S. Constitution.

What are the key responsibilities of the Legislative Branch?

Debating and enacting legislation, approving national budgets, representing the people, and overseeing the executive branch.

Examples of Legislative Branches

Parliament, Congress, Federal National Council (UAE)

What is the primary role of the Executive Branch?

Implementing and enforcing laws.

What are the key responsibilities of the Executive Branch?

Managing day-to-day affairs, administering ministries, conducting foreign policy, and issuing regulations.

Examples of Executive Branches

President, Prime Minister, Council of Ministers (UAE), government ministries

What is the primary role of the Judiciary Branch?

Interpreting laws and ensuring justice.

What are the key responsibilities of the Judiciary Branch?

Settling legal disputes, upholding constitutional principles, reviewing the legality of laws, and protecting rights.