sociocultural concepts - ib sl psych

Flashcards on Social Identity Theory, Social Cognitive Theory, Stereotypes, Culture, Enculturation, and Acculturation

Social Identity Theory (SIT)

People define themselves based upon the groups they belong to and the behavior within these groups; what we belong to becomes our ingroup, and what we don't belong to becomes our outgroup.

Social Groups Definition

Collections of individuals who share a common identity, which forms part of their self-concept. People categorize themselves and others into ingroups and outgroups.

Social Cognitive Theory (SCT)

People learn new behaviors through observation and imitation of others around them. Observed consequences of another’s behavior encourage or discourage replication of the behavior.

Stereotypes Definition

Mental shortcuts to make quick judgments about people, often used heuristically as a quick and simple decision-making technique.

Culture Definition

A shared system of beliefs, values, norms, behaviors, and symbols passed down through generations and learned through observation and instruction.

Cultural Groups Definition

A community of people who share common beliefs, norms, behaviors, and symbols that are learned through instruction and observation passed down through generations.

Cultural Dimensions Definition

General factors underlying cross-cultural differences in values and behavior, identified on the basis of massive cross-national surveys.

Enculturation Definition

The process of acquiring a culture’s norms, where people learn the rules of their culture and what is expected by its members.

Norms Definition

Unique set of attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors specific to a particular culture.

Acculturation Definition

The process people go through when they adapt to a new culture and adopt the values of their new culture, affecting a person’s attitudes, identity, and behavior.

Assimilation Definition

Individuals are open to change and not concerned about the loss of connection with their original culture, adjusting their behavior, attitudes, and beliefs to the norms of the dominant culture.

Practical Applications of Schema Theory

Helps educators understand how students assimilate new information by relating it to existing knowledge. This can improve teaching strategies.