Biology Lab Review

Flashcards for reviewing lab procedures and key concepts in biology, covering topics from micropipetting to photosynthesis.

What is the purpose of Lab 1?

To learn how to transfer volumes in the microliter range using a micropipette and understanding how to make a dilution.

What is the relationship between milliliters and microliters?

1 milliliter (mL) = 1000 microliters (ul)

What is the range of the P200 micropipette?

P200: 20-200 ul

What are the general steps for using a micropipette?

Add tip, Push to first stop, Place into solution + Release Plunger, Place tip into M.C. Tube + push plunger to second stop

What formula is used for dilutions?

C1V1 = C2V2

What is the purpose of Lab 2?

Measure and compare glycogen and protein from tissue homogenates from Bos taurus.

What is a spectrophotometer?

Instrument designed to detect the amount of radiant energy absorbed by the molecules of a solution.

In the Bradford Assay, what does a darker blue color indicate?

More protein present makes the dye darker blue.

What is the purpose of Lab 3?

To predict which tissue homogenate will have the most glycogen and free glucose.

What does amyloglucosidase do?

Breaks glycogen down into glucose.

What is the BSA Standard curve (Bradford Assay)?

A method to calculate the protein concentration of an unknown sample generated from known protein standards.

What is the purpose of Lab 4?

Examine properties of cellular membranes in the regulation of the transport of water and solutes using red blood cells

What factors affect the rate of membrane penetration?

Smaller size = more permeable, more fat = more permeable, less ionizable = more permeable

What happens to a cell in a hypotonic solution?

Low solute outside, high solute inside cell (Cell SWELLS)

What happens to a cell in an isotonic solution?

Equal amounts of solute both inside and outside cell (cell remains same)

What happens to a cell in a hypertonic solution?

High solute outside, low solute inside cell (Cell SHRINKS)

What is the purpose of Lab 5?

Relate general metabolic activity to specific enzymes in metabolic pathways, using normalized enzyme activity to make quantitative comparisons between tissues.

What is Succinate converted to?

Succinate converted to fumarate by enzyme SDH

What are the oxidized and reduced forms of DCIP?

Present in oxidized form (dark blue) and through reaction becomes reduced (light blue)

What is the purpose of Lab 6?

Explain sample size and variance, perform ANOVA test, and apply results from stat tests to evaluate support for hypothesis.

What is ANOVA?

Determines whether there are any statistically significant differences between the means of three or more independent (unrelated) groups

What is Tukey HSD?

Determines the statistical significant differences between each SPECIFIC group.

What is a null hypothesis?

No significant difference

What is the purpose of Lab 7?

Obtain deeper understanding of photosynthesis and respiration by testing different variables and how they affect photosynthetic rates

What variables drive photosynthesis?

Increased sunlight, Increase temperature, Increase [CO2]

Is cellular respiration light dependent?

Light INDEPENDENT so it occurs in light and dark

What is the compensation point?

Rate of cell respiration= rate of photosynthesis

What is the purpose of Lab 8?

Understand recombinant DNA techniques and transformation procedures using heat shock. Investigate how DNA is transferred to another organism.

What is an important concept covered in lab 8?

Importance of Marker Gene