Electricity and Circuits Review

These flashcards cover key concepts and definitions related to electricity and circuit analysis for exam preparation.

What is voltage?

Amount of energy carried by electrons.

What is current?

The number of electrons passing a point in a circuit per second.

What is resistance?

How easy it is for electrons to move through a material.

How are voltage, current, and resistance related?

Increasing voltage increases current, and increasing resistance decreases current.

What happens to current in a parallel circuit when you add lamps?

Current increases because more pathways for electrons to flow are created.

What happens to current in a series circuit when you add lamps?

Current decreases because the total resistance increases.

How do you convert 350 mA to Amperes?

350 mA = 0.35 A.

How do you convert 8.5 A to mA?

8.5 A = 8500 mA.

What is the formula for power (P) used by a device?

P = VI where V is voltage and I is current.

If a toaster uses 10 A of current at 120 V, what is the power rating?

The power used by the toaster is 1200 W.

How much energy (in Joules) does a 1200 W toaster use in 30 minutes?

E = 2,160,000 J.

What is the relationship between energy, power, and time?

Energy (E) = Power (P) x Time (t).

Define Ohm's Law.

V = IR where V is voltage, I is current, and R is resistance.

What happens to electrons in a battery?

Electrons flow from the negative terminal to the positive terminal.

What is electrical energy measured in?

Measured in Joules.

What is a voltmeter used for?

To measure the voltage across components in a circuit.

What is the effect of adding resistors in series?

Total resistance increases.

What is the effect of adding resistors in parallel?

Total resistance decreases.

If a 12 V battery is connected to a 3 Ω resistor, what current will flow when the circuit is turned on?

I = 4 A.

What happens when you increase the number of batteries in series?

The voltage increases.

What is the unit for measuring electrical resistance?

Ohms (Ω).

What is the difference between conventional current and electron flow?

Conventional current is from positive to negative, while electron flow is from negative to positive.

What is energy in the context of electricity?

The ability to do work, measured in Joules.

How do you calculate energy used by an appliance?

Use the formula E = VIT.