chemistry seperation and crystal

Q: What is a separation technique?

A: A method used to separate different substances in a mixture.

: What is dissolving?

A: The process where a solid mixes evenly into a liquid to form a solution.

What is a solvent?

A: The liquid that dissolves a solid (solute).

What is a solute?

A: The solid that dissolves in a solvent.

What is filtration?

A: A method used to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid using filter paper.

What remains on the filter paper in filtration?

A: The residue (solid).

What passes through the filter paper in filtration?

A: The filtrate (liquid).

What is crystallisation?

A: A method used to obtain a pure solid from a solution by evaporating the liquid.

Why do crystals form during crystallisation?

A: Because the solution becomes saturated and the solid forms crystals as it cools.

What is rock salt?

A: A mixture of salt and sand/rock.

What are the steps to separate salt from rock salt?

A: 1. Crush
2. Dissolve in water
3. Filter
4. Evaporate (crystallise)

Which parts dissolve and which do not?

A: Salt dissolves in water, the rock/sand does not.

What is simple distillation used for?

A: To separate a liquid from a solution.

How does simple distillation work?

A: Heat the solution → the liquid evaporates → vapour is cooled and condenses → collected as a pure liquid.

What kind of mixtures can be separated by simple distillation?

A: Mixtures of a dissolved solid and a liquid (e.g., salt water).