Histology and Tissue Types

A set of flashcards covering key concepts and vocabulary related to histology and tissue types.

histology

The study of tissues.

cell

The basic building block of life.

tissue

A group of similar cells working together to perform a similar function.

zygote

A fertilized egg formed by the union of the sperm and egg.

gastrulation

The embryonic process by which the 3 germ layers develop into the gastrula: endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm.

histogenesis

The differentiation of cells and tissues during embryonic development; specialization of tissues in the gastrula.

endoderm

The innermost layer of the gastrula.

mesoderm

The middle layer of the gastrula.

ectoderm

The outermost layer of the gastrula.

coelom

A fluid-filled body cavity derived from the mesoderm.

epithelial tissue

Tissues forming membranous and glandular tissues of the body; mainly found lining organs, covering organs, or making up glands.

simple epithelium

A single layer of epithelial tissue that derives from a basement membrane; functions in secretion and absorption.

stratified epithelium

Several layers of epithelial tissue that derives from a basement membrane; functions in protection against wear and tear.

squamous epithelium

Flat, plate-like shaped epithelium; lining blood vessels and lungs; provides protection for the skin.

cuboidal epithelium

Epithelial tissue that is as tall as it is wide; found lining smaller ducts and glands; functions in secretion.

columnar epithelium

Elongated epithelial cells that are taller than they are wide; lines ducts and the digestive system; functions in protection and secretion/absorption.

pseudostratified epithelium

Simple epithelium that appears to be layered due to an irregular arrangement of the nuclei.

apocrine gland

A gland that has some cell damage during secretion but can repair itself; ex. Mammary glands for lactation.

holocrine gland

A gland that has cells destroyed during secretion (complete damage); ex. Sebaceous glands.

merocrine gland

Glands that secrete without any damage to cells; ex. Salivary glands.