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ans 402 L15 - forage & pastures for cattle production
ans 402 L15 - forage & pastures for cattle production
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18 Terms
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1
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forage management considerations
time of the year
goals for production
forage species
grazing management
2
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quality/quantity compromise
phase II = optimum grazing
protein, TDN, palatability & lignin DM are equal
3
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forage quality - brood cows
dependent on stage of production
mature, dormant forage - lower digestibility (phase 3)
protein supplement to increase intake
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forage quality - growing cattle
lush, growing forage (phase 2)
moisture may limit intake
hay supplementation may increase gain (DMI)
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creep grazing
allow calves to graze ahead of cows in higher quality pasture
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leader-follower grazing
animals w/ highest nutrient needs graze pasture first
high quality = 1st grazers (nutrients are in leaves, not stem)
med quality = last grazers
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cool szn forages - annual
wheat, annual ryegrass, rye, turnip
provide flexibility, greater nutritive value & intense management
8
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cool szn forages - perennial
tall fescue, orchardgrass, perennial ryegrass, timothy
9
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warm szn forages - annual
sudex, pearl millet, crabgrass
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warm szn forages - perennial
bermudagrass, native grasses
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legumes - annual
crimson clover, hairy vetch
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legumes - perennial
ladino clover, alfalfa, red clover
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key principles of grazing management
don’t depend on one forage species - easy to maintain but isn’t sustainable
use both warm & cool szn forages for year-round grazing
include both grasses & legumes
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forage species
species adaptation/production becomes primary issue
use perennials as base forage & interseed legumes
use annuals to supplement
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factors that affect ADG
grazing management - forage availability controls wt gain
forage species - amt of CP, digestible nutrients
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grazing management - plant health
persistence, weed control
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grazing management - animal health
nutrition, toxins, parasites
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grazing management - soil health
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