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How does sensory memory register information?
registers a large amount of the stimuli detected by sensory receptors (being registered, not influenced by the world yet)
How fast did the information decay from sensory memory?
less than a second
What is iconic memory?
visual information store
What is echoic memory?
auditory information store
What are the 3 steps to recall tasks?
Step 1: Subject exposed to stimuli
Step 2: Time delay
Step 3: Subject recalls some or all the stimuli from memory
Please describe the Whole Report Part of the Iconic Memory Study (Sperling 1960).
The participants are exposed to a brief presentation of letters in matrix, immediately recall as many letters from the matrix as possible
results: 4.5 out of 12 letters recalled on average as sensory memory fades quickly
Please describe the Partial Report Part of the Iconic Memory Study (Sperling 1960).
The participants are exposed to a brief presentation of letters in matrix, and must immediately recall but only for letters in the row indicated by a cue (tone - high tone indicates top row, ex.)
results: 3.3 out of 4 letters recalled on average
Please describe the Delayed Partial Report Part of the Iconic Memory Study (Sperling 1960).
The participants are exposed to a brief presentation of letters in matrix, and must immediately recall but only for letters in the row indicated by a cue (tone - high tone indicates top row, ex.) BUT that tone IS delayed by one second
results: 1 out of 4 letters recalled on average (participants are focused on the tone)
Please explain why the results turned out the way they did in the partial report performance in the iconic memory study
due to the rapid decay of iconic memory
Please further explain why we received the results we did on the iconic memory study
sensory memory holds all the letters but the information decays rapidly as you can only encode 4-5 items in the time it takes to decay
