ARTH 103 Intro to Architecture Test 2 study guide

Mausoleum

A monumental tomb deriving its name from the grand tomb of the tyrant Mausolus of Hailcarnassus

Basilica

(1)An ancient Roman meeting hall, oblong in plan, with a high central space lit by clerestory windows. (2) The form of an early Christian church: oblong, with a high, clerestoried nave ending in an apse, flanked by two lower aisles and covered with a timber roof.

Oculus

A round window, usually at the apex of a dome

Shinto

(literally "the way of the gods") Japan's native belief system and predates historical records

Jian

A spatial unit or "bay"- The distance between two columns, forming the basic building block for organizing structures and complexes

Belfry

The bell tower of a church or city hall

Piazza

An Italian public square

Flying buttress

An arch or half arch that transfers the thrust of a vault or roof from an upper part of a wall to an external pylon

Rustication

The separation of regular masonry blocks by deeply cut, often wedge-shaped grooves

Lantern

A small, fenestrated tower on top of a roof or dome, admitting light to the space below

Pilaster

A shallow, flattened rectangular column or pier attached to a wall and often modeled on an order.

Portico

(1) A covered entranceway or porch with columns on one or more sides. (2) A continuous arcade.

Loggia

A roofed porch or gallery with an open arcade or colonnade.

Minaret

A tall, slender tower at a mosque, from which the faithful are called to prayer by the crier or muezzin.

Mosque

The Islamic prayer hall

Synagogue

A Jewish hall for worship

Sanctuary

A place of refuge from hostile forces.

Cella

The main room in a classical Greek or Roman temple, housing the cult statue.

Crypt

A room or story beneath the main floor of a church, sometimes lying underground, containing graves, relics, or chapels.

Piano Nobile

The main floor of an Italian palace, usually one story above the ground floor.

Ambulatory

Apse

Radiating Chapel

Chancel

Choir

Crossing

Aisle

Nave

Notre Dame cathedral of Paris, Paris, France 1250s CE

Roman Catholic church

Great Mosque of Cordoba, in Cordoba, Spain, 785-990 CE

Cathedral/Mosque named after where it is located

The Pantheon, Rome, 125-128CE

Ancient roman temple and now Church

Temple I at Tikal, in Tikal, Guatemala, 600s

Known as the temple of the great jaguar

Campanile(leaning tower), In Pisa, Italy, 1173-1350CE

Leaning tower of Pisa

Dome of Florence Cathedral, Florence, Italy, 1419- 1446CE

Ise Shrine, In Ise, Japan, 792 CE

The Portuguese Synagogue, Amsterdam Netherlands, 1671 CE

Mausoleum of Galla Placidia, Ravenna Italy, 430CE

Piazza Del Duomo Pisa(know all 4 structures)(Cathedral, Campo Santo, Baptistery, campanile)

Mexico

Guatemala

Inca Peru

Mississippi Valley

London

Carthage

Rome

Venice

(no good map)

Athens

Constantinople/Istanbul

Jerusalem

India

Sri Lanka

China

Java

Great Wall of China, In China, 221 BCE-1368CE

Transept