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Muscle types, functions, properties, and structure
Skeletal Muscle: main features
movement of body, voluntary, generates heat
Skeletal Muscle: location
attached to bones
Skeletal Muscle: type of cells
long, cylindrical, striated (stripes), multinucleated (many nuclei)
Cardiac Muscle: main features
involuntary
pumps blood
Cardiac Muscle: location
heart
Cardiac Muscle: types of cells
short, branched
striated (stripes)
single nucleus
Smooth Muscle: main features
involuntary
moves substances within the body
regulates blood flow
Smooth Muscle: location
walls of hollow organs and blood vessels
Main functions of muscles
movement of the body (skeletal)
movement within the body (cardiac & smooth)
posture (skeletal)
generates heat (skeletal)
Contractility
ability to contract & produce a force
Extensibility
the ability to be stretched or extended
Elasticity
the ability to return to normal length
Excitability
ability to respond to stimuli (usually a nerve impulse or hormone)
Hypertrophy
increase in muscle size
Atrophy
decrease in muscle size
Epimysium
connective tissue covering that surrounds the WHOLE muscle (epi=outer)
Perimysium
The connective tissue that surrounds fascicles.
Endomysium
Connective tissue surrounding a muscle fiber
Fascicle
bundle of muscle fibers and its perimysium
Muscle fibre
muscle cell
Tendon
connects muscle to bone; transmits forces generated by muscles to pull on bones at joints
Blood Vessels
delivers blood to muscles
Note 
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