Week 8 Anatomy Misc

psoas major

flexes thigh (inferiorly)

flexes vertebral column (superiorly)

anterior rami of spinal nerves L1-L3

psoas minor

weak trunk flexor

anterior rami of spinal nerve L1

iliacus

flex thigh, stabilize hip joint

femoral nerve

quadratus lumborum

extends and laterally flexes vertebral column

anterior rami of spinal nerves L1-L4

transversus abdominis

compress and support abdominal viscera; flex and rotate trunk

thoracoabdominal nerve T7-T11; subcostal nerve, and L1

superior mesenteric artery

supplies foregut

inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries

supply head of pancreas and proximal loop of duodenum

ileocolic artery

supplies cecum, distal ileum, and ileocecal junction

branch - appendicular a. (supplies vermiform appendix)

arterial arcades

a division of the intestinal arteries (jejunal and ileal)

supplies jejunum and ileum

vasa rectum

a division of arterial arcades

closest blood vessels to the jejunum and ileum

right colic artery

superior and inferior division

supplies ascending colon

middle colic artery

left and right branches divisions

supplies transverse colon

inferior mesenteric artery

divisions: left colic a., sigmoidal aa., superior rectal a.

supplies descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum

left colic artery

ascending and descending branch

supplies descending colon

sigmoidal arteries

supply descending colon and sigmoid colon

superior rectal artery

supplies rectum (duh)

marginal artery

originates from superior and inferior mesenteric arteries - what connects them

supplies the large intestine

what 3 anastomoses are observed in the mesenteric arteries?

1. superior posterior pancreaticoduodenal a. with inferior posterior pancreaticoduodenal a.

2. superior anterior pancreaticoduodenal a. with inferior anterior pancreaticoduodenal a.

3. arterial arcade - anastomoses of jejunal and ileal arteries

what are some more anastomoses?

1. ileocolic with right colic

2. right colic with middle colic

3. middle colic with marginal

4. marginal with left colic

5. left colic with sigmoidal

superior mesenteric vein

receives blood from large intestine, small intestine, appendix, stomach, pancreas and brings them to hepatic portal vein

inferior mesenteric vein

receives blood from sigmoid colon, rectum, large intestine and brings it to splenic vein

(sometimes can branch onto superior mesenteric vein or hepatic portal vein)

abdominal aorta divisions

inferior phrenic aa.

celiac trunk

renal aa.

suprarenal aa.

gonadal aa.

lumbar aa.

common iliac aa.

inferior phrenic artery

division of superior suprarenal artery

supplies inferior thoracic diaphragm

renal arteries

division of inferior suprarenal artery

supplies kidneys

middle suprarenal artery

originates from abdominal aorta

supplies suprarenal (adrenal) gland

inferior suprarenal artery

origins from renal arteries

supplies suprarenal (adrenal) gland

gonadal arteries (testicular/ovarian)

supply testes/ovaries

often tore off when abdominal cavity is dissected

halfway btwn superior and inferior mesenteric arteries

lumbar arteries

supplies quadratus lumborum and psoas minor

usually four on each side on posterior aorta

common iliac arteries

supply abdominal wall and lower limb

right gonadal vein

comes from testes/ovaries

drains into IVC

left gonadal vein

comes from gonads

drains into renal vein

renal veins

come from interlobar veins of kidney

drains into IVC

right suprarenal vein

comes from adrenal gland

drains into IVC

left suprarenal vein

comes from adrenal gland

drains into renal vein

subcostal nerve

T12

motor to external obliques and skin of abdominal wall

iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal

T12-L1

iliohypogastric - remains above the inguinal ligament; more superior

ilioinguinal nerve travels through the inguinal canal

genitofemoral

L1-L2

lateral femoral cutaneous

L2-L3

lateral thigh sensation

femoral nerve

L2-L4

knee jerk and cremaster reflex

obturator nerve

L2-L4

femoral vs genital branch of genitofemoral nerve

femoral - sensory; descends along the psoas major muscle, passing beneath the inguinal ligament to reach the thigh; more lateral

genital - sensory and motor; travels toward the inguinal canal and enters it. In males, it accompanies the spermatic cord; in females, it accompanies the round ligament of the uterus

mesometrium

drape-like, largest portion of the broad ligament

mesoalpinx

connects uterine tubes to ovaries

mesovarium

connects ovaries to broad ligament

seminal vesicle

produces 2/3 fluid of sperm (fructose)

prostatic urethra

urethra and ejaculatory duct join up inside here

SMA syndrome

compression of the 3rd part of duodenum between the abdominal aorta and the superior mesenteric artery

fast weight loss

bilious vomiting

nutcracker syndrome

compression of your left renal vein, usually between your abdominal aorta and SMA

left renal vein crosses midline

the interior mesenteric vein is ____ to the IMA

left

splenic A and V are ___ the pancreas

behind

splenic flexure

watershed area with no direct blood supply

easier risk of necrosis

what separates the SMA and IMA

horizontal duodenum