Cell Structure

Flashcards covering key vocabulary related to cell structure.

Cell membrane

A layer that surrounds the cell and regulates what enters and leaves the cell.

Cell wall

The rigid, porous outer layer of a plant cell.

Centriole

A bundle of microtubules that helps organize the movement of chromosomes during cell division.

Chloroplast

An organelle that converts the radiant energy of the Sun into chemical energy through photosynthesis.

Cytoplasm

Everything between the nuclear membrane and the cell membrane, including cytosol and all the organelles.

Endoplasmic reticulum

A network of passageways in which chemical compounds are manufactured, processed, and transported.

Golgi apparatus

A stack of membranes that collects, modifies, and packages chemical compounds.

Lysosome

A small sac or vesicle that contains digestive chemicals.

Mitochondria

Organelles that convert nutrients into energy using oxygen.

Nuclear membrane

A double-layered membrane that surrounds the nucleus.

Nucleolus

A small body in the nucleus where ribosomes are synthesized.

Nucleus

A round body in the cell that contains DNA and regulates gene expression.

Organelle

A cell structure that performs a specific function.

Plastid

Small structure that can store food (leucoplast) or pigment (chromoplast).

Ribosome

Tiny structure where proteins are synthesized.

Vacuole

A type of vesicle that stores water, nutrients, and other chemicals, helping plant cells maintain their shape.

Vesicle

Small, sac-like package of nutrients, proteins, or water created by the Golgi apparatus.