Lab 4 - The Axial Skeleton

Types of Questions for Lab Practical 1 that are regarding the bones in the axial and appendicular skeleton:

-name the bone tagged as No X. Be Specific (right or left, vertebra)

-name the bone feature/marking tagged as No X.

-name the structure that would pass through the opening No X in life.

-name the bone that would articulate in No X.

-name the bone feature that would articulate at pin No X.

what bones are apart of the cranial bones?

-frontal bone

-occipital bone

-ethmoid bone

-sphenoid bone

-parietal bone

-temporal bone

What bone feature is in the Frontal Bone?

frontal sinus

• articulates with the zygomatic bones

• forms superior portion of the orbit

• articulates posteriorly with the parietals

• articulates with some of the sphenoid bone

what bone features are in the Occipital Bone?

-occipital condyle

-foramen magnum

-hypoglossal canal

-transverse sulcus

-posterior cranial fossa

1. name the bone that would articulate at the occipital condyle

2. name the bone feature that would articulate at the occipital condyle

1. the first cervical vertebra

2. superior articular facet

1. name the structure that would pass through the foramen magnum in life

spinal cord

1. name the structure that would pass through the hypoglossal canals in life

hypoglossal nerves

1. name the structure that would pass through the transverse sulcus in life

transverse sinus vein

name the structure that would pass through the posterior cranial fossa in life

cerebellum

what bone features are in the Ethmoid Bone?

-ethmoid sinuses

-crista galli

-cribriform plate

-perpendicular plate

-superior nasal conchae

-middle nasal conchae

name the structure that would pass through the cribriform plate in life

olfactory nerves

what bone features are in the Sphenoid Bone?

-sphenoid sinus

greater and lesser wings

pterygoid processes

foramen ovale

foramen rotundum

sella turcica

superior orbital fissure

optic foramen

name the structure that would pass through the foramen ovale in life

mandibular nerve

name the structure that would pass through the foramen rotundum in life

maxillary nerve

name the structure that would pass through the sella turcica in life

pituitary gland

name the structure that would pass through the superior orbital fissure in life

ophthalmic nerve

name the structure that would pass through the optic canal (foramen) in life.

optic nerve

what bone features are in the Parietal Bone?

-coronal suture

-sagittal suture

-lambdoidal suture

-squamosal suture

what bone features are in the Temporal Bone?

-internal auditory meatus

external auditory meatus

jugular fossa and foramen (internal jugular vein)

carotid canal (internal carotid artery)

styloid process

mastoid process

stylomastoid foramen (facial nerve)

ear ossicles

malleus, incus and stapes

zygomatic process

mandibular fossa (condylar process of mandible)

name the structure that would pass through the internal auditory meatus in life

auditory nerves

name the structure that would pass through the jugular fossa and foramen in life

internal jugular vein

name the structure that would pass through the carotid canal in life

internal carotid artery

name the structure that would pass through the stylomastoid foramen in life

facial nerve

name the bone that would articulate with our zygomatic process

zygomatic bone

name the bone that would articulate with mandibular fossa

name the structure that would pass through the mandibular fossa in life

-mandible

-condylar process of mandible

what bones are apart of the facial bones?

-mandible

-zygomatic

-palatine

-maxilla

-nasal

-inferior nasal conchae

-vomer

-lacrimal

-hyoid

what bone features are in the mandible

-mental foramen (mandibular vessels / nerves)

-mandibular foramen (dental vessels / nerves)

-coronoid process

-condylar process

name the structure that would pass through the mental foramen in life

mandibular vessels / nerves

name the structure that would pass through the mandibular foramen in life

dental vessels / nerves

name the bone that would articulate with condylar process

name the bone feature that would articulate with condylar process

temporal bone

mandibular fossa

name the bones that would articulate with the zygomatic

frontal bone, zygomatic process, maxilla

what bone features are in the maxilla

-maxillary sinus

-infraorbital foramen (infraorbital vessels / nerves)

-inferior orbital fissure

name the structure that would pass through the infraorbital foramen in life

infraorbital vessels / nerves

name the structure that would pass through the infraorbital foramen in life

nasolacrimal canal

what bones are in the Vertebral Column

-7 cervical (including atlas and axis)

-12 thoracic

-5 lumbar

-1 sacrum (5 fused vertebrae)

-1 coccyx (usually 4 fused vertebrae)

what bone features are in the vertebrae

-body

-transverse processes

-transverse foramen (vertebral vessels)

-spinous processes

-pedicles

-lamina

-vertebral foramen (spinal cord)

-intervertebral notch and foramen (spinal nerves)

-superior articular processes and facets

-inferior articular processes and facets

-costal articular facets (thoracic only)

-atlas (C - 1)

-axis (C - 2)

-odontoid process (aka dens)

name the structure that would pass through the transverse foramen in life

vertebral vessels

name the structure that would pass through the vertebral foramen in life

spinal cord

name the structure that would pass through the intervertebral notch and foramen in life

spinal nerves

name the bone that would articulate with the costal articular facets

head of rib bone

what bone features are on the rib

-head

-neck

-tubercle