Chapter 13 Quiz
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Last updated 1:11 AM on 5/3/23
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51 Terms
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Ecology
The study of interactions between living things & their surroundings
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Organism
An individual living thing
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Population
A group of the same species living in an area
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Community
A group of different species living in an area
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Ecosystem
The living & nonliving things in a given area
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Biome
A global community of organisms based on climate
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Biotic
Living things
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Abiotic
Nonliving things
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Biodiversity
The variety of living things in an ecosystem
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Keystone Species
A species with a very large effect on its ecosystem
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Producer (autotroph)
Gets its energy by making its own food
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Consumer (heterotroph)
Gets its energy by eating other living things
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Herbivores
Organisms that only eat plants
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Carnivores
Organisms that only eat meat
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Omnivores
Organisms that eat both plants & animals
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Detritivores
Organisms that eat dead matter
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Decomposers
Detritivores that break down organic matter into nutrients that are recycled back into the environment
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Specialist
Organisms with a specific diet
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Generalist
Organisms with a varying diet
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Trophic Levels
The levels in a food chain
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Energy Pyramid
Shows the distribution of energy among trophic levels
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90%
Between trophic levels, _____ of the energy is lost into the atmosphere as heat
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Biomass Pyramid
Measures the total dry mass of organisms in a given area
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Pyramid of Numbers
Measures the number of individual organisms by trophic level
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Evaporation
A
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Condensation
B
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Precipitation
C
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Transpiration
D
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Respiration
E
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Runoff
F
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Ground water
G
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Nitrogen Fixation
A
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Ammonification
B
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Nitrification
C
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Assimilation
D
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Denitrification
E
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Decomposers
A
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Phosphate in Soil
B
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Leaching
C
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Sedimentation
D
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Phosphate in Solution
E
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Geologic Uplifting
F
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Nitrogen Fixation
The process turning nitrogen (N2) into ammonia (NH3)
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Ammonification
The process turning waste & decay into ammonia (NH3)
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Nitrification
The process changing ammonia (NH3) into nitrates (NO3)
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Assimilation
The absorption of nitrates (NO3) by plants & animals
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Denitrification
The process changing nitrates (NO3) into nitrogen (N2)
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Leaching
The process of phosphorus leaving the soil into a body of water
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Sedimentation
The process of forming new rocks with phosphorus
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Geologic Uplifting
The process of bringing phosphate up from rocks in a body of water to hills
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Weathering of phosphate from rocks
G
Note 
Flashcards (100)