Chapter 13 Quiz

This weekend when I have time I'll add pictures of the cycles to label on the flashcards

Ecology

The study of interactions between living things & their surroundings

Organism

An individual living thing

Population

A group of the same species living in an area

Community

A group of different species living in an area

Ecosystem

The living & nonliving things in a given area

Biome

A global community of organisms based on climate

Biotic

Living things

Abiotic

Nonliving things

Biodiversity

The variety of living things in an ecosystem

Keystone Species

A species with a very large effect on its ecosystem

Producer (autotroph)

Gets its energy by making its own food

Consumer (heterotroph)

Gets its energy by eating other living things

Herbivores

Organisms that only eat plants

Carnivores

Organisms that only eat meat

Omnivores

Organisms that eat both plants & animals

Detritivores

Organisms that eat dead matter

Decomposers

Detritivores that break down organic matter into nutrients that are recycled back into the environment

Specialist

Organisms with a specific diet

Generalist

Organisms with a varying diet

Trophic Levels

The levels in a food chain

Energy Pyramid

Shows the distribution of energy among trophic levels

90%

Between trophic levels, _____ of the energy is lost into the atmosphere as heat

Biomass Pyramid

Measures the total dry mass of organisms in a given area

Pyramid of Numbers

Measures the number of individual organisms by trophic level

Evaporation

A

Condensation

B

Precipitation

C

Transpiration

D

Respiration

E

Runoff

F

Ground water

G

Nitrogen Fixation

A

Ammonification

B

Nitrification

C

Assimilation

D

Denitrification

E

Decomposers

A

Phosphate in Soil

B

Leaching

C

Sedimentation

D

Phosphate in Solution

E

Geologic Uplifting

F

Nitrogen Fixation

The process turning nitrogen (N2) into ammonia (NH3)

Ammonification

The process turning waste & decay into ammonia (NH3)

Nitrification

The process changing ammonia (NH3) into nitrates (NO3)

Assimilation

The absorption of nitrates (NO3) by plants & animals

Denitrification

The process changing nitrates (NO3) into nitrogen (N2)

Leaching

The process of phosphorus leaving the soil into a body of water

Sedimentation

The process of forming new rocks with phosphorus

Geologic Uplifting

The process of bringing phosphate up from rocks in a body of water to hills

Weathering of phosphate from rocks

G