C+P Dates

Dates

Normans invade Hastings

1066

assize of Clarendon (reordered court and introduced juries of presentment, set up prisons for those awaiting trial)

1166

statute of labourers (maximum wage for workers)

1351

Black death hit England

1348

introduction of laws against heresy

1382, 1401, 1414

heretics burned at stake law

1401

law gave justices of the peace the power to arrest suspects and take them to the church courts for trial

1414

JPs introduced by Richard I (knights as keepers of peace)

1195

JPs extended to whole country by Edward III

1327

coroners (situations where suspicious death with no natural explanation; Richard I)

1194

church forced English Jews to convert to Christianity or be banished

1290's

end of trial by ordeal (ordered by pope)

1216

council of clarendon (meeting between Henry II and church)

1164

reformation led by Luther

1517

Vagrancy Act (without work for 3 days, branded with V and a slave)

1547

Act for the Relief of the Poor (harsh punishments for vagrants)

1597

Poor Laws (made dealing with vagrants more consistent, parishes had to provide poor relief)

1601

Game Act (made poaching illegal)

1671

when were Cromwell's laws made

1650s

import tax

17th century

sergeants became known as Charlies

1663

Habeus Corpus Act (prevented authorities from locking a person up indefinitely without charge)

1679

House of Correction/Bridewell Prison

1556

transportation to America

1660s

end of transportation to America

c.1770s

death of Elizabeth I

1603

Gunpowder plot

5th November 1605

Act of Uniformity (religion)

1559

first meeting of Gunpowder plot conspirators

20th May 1604

Lord Monteagle received letter warning not to attend opening of parliament

20th October 1605

Guy Fawkes confesses

17th November 1605

conspirators of GP trial

January 1606

Thanksgiving Act (events of 5th Nov commemorated every year, Catholics banned from working in law and army)

1605

Popish Recusants Act (forced Catholics to take oath of allegiance to crown and CofE services)

1606

Catholics allowed to vote

1829

when did witch craze die down

c.1700

Witchcraft Act (Henry VIII, witchcraft punishable by death)

1542

Act Against Conjurations, Enchantments and Witchcraft (Eliz I)

1563

Witchcraft and Conjugation Act (James I)

1604

Witchcraft Act (George III, fines and imprisonment for witches)

1735

James' Demonologie (book, nature of hell and how to find witches and run witch trials)

1597

worst witch hunts

1645-47

Matthew Hopkins employed to uncover witchery

1645

Jane Wenham (70 years old, husband left her)

1712

Enlightenment

16th-17th centuries

Hawkhurst gang controlled stretches of Kent coast

1735-1749

death penalty introduced for highwaymen

1772

last reported case of highwaymen

1831

when decline of highwaymen began

1815

Black Act

1723

repeal of the Black Act

1823

decriminalisation of witchcraft

1736

when was French Revolution

1789

Tolpuddle Martyrs arrested

1834

Bow Street Runners established

1748

John Fielding took over from his brother

1754

BSR officially paid by the government

1785

Middlesex Justices Act

1792

Metropolitan Police Act

1829

first detective branch set up at Scotland Yard

1842

all areas had professional police force centrally controlled

1856

use of technology in policing

1869

National Police Records and CID

1878

first use of fingerprints

1902

222 crimes had the death penalty

1810

Peel Prime Minister

1834-5 and 1841-46

Peel Home Secretary

1822

Peel reformed prisons and reduced crimes punishable by death by 100

1822

public executions stopped

1868

end of transportation to USA

1783

Australia claimed as part of British Empire

1770

end of transportation to Australia

1868

Fry visits Newgate prison for first time

1813

Fry helps set up Association for Reformation of Female Prisoners at Newgate to campaign for better conditions

1817

Howard publishes The State of prisons in England and Wales

1777

Gaols Act

1823

Pentonville Prison

1842

Sexual Offenses Act

1967

criminal justice act

2005

age of consent lowered to 16

2000

race relations act

1968

domestic violence act

1976

recognised rape in marriage as assault

1991

coercive behaviour assault

2014

domestic abuse act

2021

abortion act

1967

illegal to drink drive a car

1925

drugs illegal

1971

military service act

1916

age limit of conscription raised to 51

1918

metropolitan police bomb squad

1971

fraud squad

1946

national crime agency

2013

dog handling units

1938

first neighbourhood watch

1982

treadmill abolished

1902

biggest changes to prisons

1922

open prison

1933

borstals

1902

prevention of crime act

1908