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10 Terms
1
Fluid
A substance that can flow and change shape, which includes liquids and gases.
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2
Density
The mass of a substance divided by its volume; often denoted by the symbol ρ (rho) in calculations.
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3
Pressure
The force applied over a certain area; calculated as force divided by area (P = F/A).
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4
Pascal's Principle
States that any change in pressure applied to an incompressible fluid in a confined space is transmitted undiminished throughout the fluid.
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5
Hydrostatic Pressure
The pressure exerted by a stationary fluid, calculated as the product of the fluid's density, gravitational acceleration, and height of the fluid column (P = ρgh).
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6
Gauge Pressure
The pressure measurement relative to atmospheric pressure; calculated as the actual pressure minus the atmospheric pressure.
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7
Atmospheric Pressure
The pressure exerted by the weight of air in the atmosphere, approximately 101.3 kilopascals at sea level.
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8
Hydrodynamics
The study of fluids in motion, particularly the forces and interactions that cause fluid flow.
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9
Sphygmomanometer
A medical device used to measure blood pressure; typically includes a cuff that constricts blood flow and measures the pressure in the arteries.
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10
Hydrostatic Limit
A state in which a fluid is at rest, providing a basis for calculating hydrostatic pressure.
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