BMS1031 Wk1L1 Flashcards

Fluid

A substance that can flow and change shape, which includes liquids and gases.

Density

The mass of a substance divided by its volume; often denoted by the symbol ρ (rho) in calculations.

Pressure

The force applied over a certain area; calculated as force divided by area (P = F/A).

Pascal's Principle

States that any change in pressure applied to an incompressible fluid in a confined space is transmitted undiminished throughout the fluid.

Hydrostatic Pressure

The pressure exerted by a stationary fluid, calculated as the product of the fluid's density, gravitational acceleration, and height of the fluid column (P = ρgh).

Gauge Pressure

The pressure measurement relative to atmospheric pressure; calculated as the actual pressure minus the atmospheric pressure.

Atmospheric Pressure

The pressure exerted by the weight of air in the atmosphere, approximately 101.3 kilopascals at sea level.

Hydrodynamics

The study of fluids in motion, particularly the forces and interactions that cause fluid flow.

Sphygmomanometer

A medical device used to measure blood pressure; typically includes a cuff that constricts blood flow and measures the pressure in the arteries.

Hydrostatic Limit

A state in which a fluid is at rest, providing a basis for calculating hydrostatic pressure.