Anatomy Test 4 - Review

cross lateral hip

where would you need to be attached to ABduct the thigh at the hip?

gluteal region

what group of muscles fits this description and acts

sartorius m

what muscle in a group OTHER than gluteal region acts to ABduct the thigh at the hip?

Gluteus Maximus

extend, lat rotation, abduct

-sit to stand

inferior gluteal n

what is gluteus maximus innervated by?

Tensor Fascia latae action

flexes thigh at hip

-abduction, medial rotation of thigh

gluteus medius action

-keeps pelvis level when the limb is bearing weight

-abduction, medial rotation of thigh

Gluteus Minimus action

abducts and medially rotates thigh

superior gluteal n

what innervates gluteus medius, gluteus minimus and TFL?

Piriformis Action

Laterally rotates thigh when extended, abducts when flexed

Obturator Internus, Superior + Inferior Gemellus Action

Laterally rotates thigh when extended, abducts when flexed

Quadratus femoris action

laterally rotates thigh

S1-S2

what is the innervation of piriformis?

Nerve to obturator internus and gemellus superior (L5-S1)

what innervates obturator internus and gemellus superior?

Nerve to quadratus femoris and gemellus inferior (L5-S1)

what innervates gemellus inferior and quadratus femoris?

cross back of knee (hip/femur to leg)

where would you need to be attached to FLEX the leg at the knee?

posterior thigh

what group of muscles crosses the back of the knee and acts to FLEX the leg at the knee

SGT, plantaris, gastrocnemius, popliteus

what muscles besides posterior thigh muscles help to flex the leg at the knee?

femoral nerve

what nerve provides cutaneous innervation to the anterior thigh?

proximal to femoral triangle

where would the femoral nerve have to be damaged to lose cutaneous innervation to the anterior thigh?

knee extension and hip flexion

what motor actions would you lose with an injury to the femoral nerve proximal to the femoral triangle?

saphenous nerve (medial leg)

what sensory branch of the femoral nerve would be lost if you damaged proximal to the femoral triangle?

lateral cutaneous femoral n

what nerve provides cutaneous innervation to the lateral thigh?

inside pelvis or hip

where would the lateral cutaneous femoral nerve have to be damaged to lose cutaneous innervation to the lateral thigh?

none

what motor deficits would you see with damage to the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve?

posterior cutaneous femoral n

what nerve provides cutaneous innervation to the posterior thigh?

in gluteal region

Where would posterior cutaneous femoral nerve have to be damaged to lose cutaneous innervation to the posterior thigh?

none

what motor deficits would you see with an injury to the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve?

sciatic, inferior gluteal, superior gluteal

if you damage the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve in the gluteal region, what other major nerves could be affected?

hamstrings, entire leg and foot

what motor innervation would be lost if sciatic was damaged in the gluteal region?

gluteus maximus

what motor innervation would be lost if inferior gluteal n was damaged in the gluteal region?

gluteus medius, minimus, and TFL

what motor innervation would be lost if superior gluteal n was damaged in the gluteal region?

lateral aspect leg and entire foot

what OTHER sensory loss would you see if posterior cutaneous femoral nerve was damaged in the gluteal region?

superior lateral quadrant

where should an injection be given in the gluteal region?

femoral n

what supplies motor and sensory innervation to the anterior thigh?

saphenous n

what supplies sensory innervation to the medial leg? (also a branch of femoral)

obturator n

what supplies motor and sensory innervation to the medial thigh?

tibial n

what supplies motor innervation to semitendinosus, semimembranosus, and long head of biceps?

tibial n

what supplies motor innervation to the posterior compartment of the leg?

medial sural cutaneous

what branch of tibial n supplies sensory innervation to the posterior leg before joing sural?

sural n

what nerve does sensory innervation to lateral leg and foot?

lateral sural cutaneous n

what branch of common peroneal nerve does sensory innervation to the lateral leg?

medial plantar n

what branch of tibial supplies motor innervation to the abductor hallucis, flexor digitorum brevis, flexor hallucis brevis, and first lumbricals?

lateral plantar n

what branch of tibial supplies motor innervation to quadratus plantae, abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi, interossei, adductor hallucis, and 3 lumbricals?

medial plantar n

what branch of tibial supplies sensory innervation to medial sole and 3.5 toes around to nail beds?

lateral plantar n

what branch of tibial supplies sensory innervation to lateral sole and 1.5 toes around to nail beds?

common peroneal n

what nerve supplies motor innervation to the short head of biceps femoris?

superficial peroneal n

what nerve supplies motor innervation to lateral leg?

deep peroneal n

what nerve supplies motor innervation to anterior leg?

deep peroneal n

what nerve supplies motor innervation to extensor digitorum brevis and extensor hallucis brevis?

superficial peroneal n

what nerve provides sensory innervation to all of the dorsum of the foot minus most lateral side and flip flop space?

deep peroneal n

what nerve supplies the flip flop space?

medial circumflex femoral a

what artery supplies head and neck of the femur?

iliopsoas and pectineus

what muscles does medial circumflex femoral a run through?

lateral circumflex femoral a

what artery supplies head and neck of femur and lateral thigh m?

femoral triangle

where does lateral circumflex femoral artery branch off of deep femoral artery?

posterior thigh

what do the perforating arteries supply?

adductor magnus

what muscle do the perforating arteries perforate?

popliteal a

what artery supplies the knee?

tibial n

what nerve does the popliteal artery run with?

anterior tibial a

what artery supplies anterior leg?

deep peroneal n

what nerve does anterior tibial a run with?

compartment syndrome and fasciotomies

what clinical correlates do you have to be aware of for anterior leg?

tibialis anterior and extensor hallucis longus

what two muscles does anterior tibial a run between?

posterior tibial a

what artery supplies posterior leg?

tibial n

what nerve does posterior tibial a run with?

fibular a

what artery supplies lateral leg?

superficial peroneal n

what nerve runs with fibular a?

flexor hallucis longus and tibialis posterior

what two muscles does fibular artery run between?

dorsalis pedis

what artery supplies dorsum of the foot?

deep peroneal n

what nerve does dorsalis pedis run with?

extensor hallucis longus tendon and extensor digitorum longus tendon

what two tendons does the dorsalis pedis artery run between?

L1 dermatome

what dermatome?

L5 dermatome

what dermatome?

S1 dermatome

what dermatome?

flex thigh

what is the action of anterior thigh muscles (iliopsoas, sartorius, rectus femoris, pectineus)?

extend leg at knee

what is the action of anterior thigh muscles (besides iliopsoas)?

femoral n

what nerve innervates anterior thigh muscles?

knee jerk

what is the reflex for anterior thigh?

Iliopsoas Action

external rotator of the thigh

-flex thigh at the hip

Sartorius Actions

-flex thigh at the hip

-flex the leg at the knee

-lateral rotation of the leg at the knee

-abducts the thigh at the hip

Rectus femoris actions

flex thigh at the hip, extends leg at the knee

vastus mm actions

extends leg at the knee

articularis genu

prevents entrapment of knee joint capsule by pulling superior during extension

Gracilis Action

-flex leg at the knee

-adduct thigh

-medially rotate leg

pectineus actions

-adduct the thigh

-flex thigh at hip

-lateral rotation of the thigh

adductor longus and brevis action

-adduct thigh

-flex thigh at the hip

adductor magnus action

-adduct thigh

-flex thigh at the hip

-extends thigh at the hip

adductor minimus action

-adduct the thigh (weak)

-flex thigh at the hip

obturator externus action

laterally rotates thigh

tibialis anterior action

-dorsiflexion

-inversion

-adducts

extensor hallucis longus

-dorsiflexion

-inversion

-extends great toe

extensor digitorum longus

-dorsiflexion

-eversion

-extends toes 2-5

peroneus tertius

-eversion

-dorsiflexion

plantaris action

-plantar flexion

-flexor of leg at the knee

gastrocnemius action

-plantarflexion

-flexor of leg at the knee

soleus action

-plantarflexion only

popliteus action

-flexion of the knee (non-weight bearing)

-unlocks the knee

flexor hallucis longus action

-flexes distal phalanx of great toe

-plantarflexion

-supination

-helps push off

flexor digitorum longus

-plantarflexion

-supination

-flexes distal phalanges of toes 2-5

-grips the ground