POISONING AND OVERDOSE

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18 Terms

1
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To poison

means to injure or to kill with substance that is known or discovered to be harmful

2
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To overdose

implies intentional toxic exposure, either in the form of suicide attempt or as an inadvertent harm secondary to purposeful drug abuse.

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  1. Accidental vs intentional

  2. age

  3. gender

Demographics

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Accidental poisoning

Common in children

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intentional poisoning 

more frequent to adults and adolescents

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2-5 age

age of children that is a high risk for accidental poisoning

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middle to late adolescents

age of frequently involved in intentional poisoning

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females

gender that is more prone to intentional poisoning 

m

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males

gender that is more vulnerable to food poisoning 

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  1. Exposure location (home)

  2. Time of Day (8-9pm)

  3. Hospital stay (2-3 days)

  4. Risk factors (consumption of street foods) 

Other considerations for poisoning/overdose

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  1. Pesticides 

  2. Pharmaceuticals

  3. Household chemicals 

  4. Food poisoning 

  5. Animal toxins 

Common Causes of Poisoning in the PH

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  1. Lambanog (coconut wine) poisoning

  2. Caraga candy poisoning 

  3. Imelda marcos party

  4. Cassava poisoning 

Food and Drink poisoning

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  1. Binge drinking

  2. Rapid alcohol consumption

  3. Drinking on an empty stomach

  4. Mixing alcohol with other depressants

  5. Toxic non-ethanol alcohol

cause of Alcohol poisoning

14
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Shellfish poisoning 

2013 outbreak in western samar where consumption of green mussels led to two deaths from respiratory and cardiac arrest. 

caused by toxins from dinoflagellates like pyrodinium bahamense. 

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Pesticide poisoning

are a major cause of accidental poisoning particularly in children who may come in contact with them during preparation or storage

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Drug poisoning

a study of poisoning cases; drugs like isoniazid are accounted for a significant number of poisoning cases  

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  1. Securing the Airway 

  2. Providing oxygen and

  3. IV fluids

  4. Treating seizures with benzodiazepines

  5. Continuous monitoring of VS 

key interventions of poisoning overdose includes…SPITC 

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  1. History and physical exam

  2. Diagnostic tests 

  3. Decontamination 

  4. Antidote

  5. Elimination enhancement 

Supportive care and treatment involves…HDDAE