Storage & Retrieval in Long-Term Memory

These flashcards cover key concepts of storage and retrieval in long-term memory, including definitions of types of amnesia, memory processes, and studies related to memory retrieval.

Traumatic Amnesia

Memory loss that follows brain damage from physical trauma, such as stroke or concussion.

Fugue Amnesia

A temporary form of amnesia linked to high stress or emotional trauma, where memory may return slowly or suddenly.

Retrograde Amnesia

A rare type of amnesia where events that occurred before the trauma are forgotten, but new memory formation is unaffected.

• Temporally-graded ________: A small window of memory loss just before the traumatic incident.

Anterograde Amnesia

A rare condition characterized by difficulty forming new memories after a traumatic event, while old memories remain intact.

• Temporally-graded ________: A small window for memory loss just after trauma, which can persist but isn't permanent.

dissociation

• Occurs when a variable affects one test (Test A) but has little or no impact on another test (Test B).

  • Ex: a pill is supposed to cure knee pain, not anything else (e.g. shoulder pain)

Consolidation

The process of stabilizing a memory trace and transferring it from working memory to long-term memory.

• Typically occurs within the first few hours following learning.

Retrieval-Induced Forgetting

A phenomenon where retrieval of certain information can lead to forgetting related but non-target information.

Testing Effect

The enhanced memory for information retrieved through practice, which often exceeds the benefits of simply re-studying the material.

Reconsolidation

The process that occurs when retrieved memories return to a fragile state, during which the memory can be altered.

Implicit Memory Tests

Tests that assess skills or conditioned responses that can show retention even when explicit memory is impaired.

Reconstruction of Memories

The active process of retrieving stored information, which can change the memory trace.

Memory Dynamics

memories can be stabilized, retrieved, and potentially altered with each recall.