History study guide 5.1- 5.3

Administration

Staff of the executive branch

Precedent

An act or statement that becomes an example,rule or tradition to be followed

Cabinet

Heads of the executive departments who met as a group in order to advise the president

Tariff

A tax on imported goods

Loose Construction

A belief that the government has any power not forbidden by the constitution

Strict Construction

A belief that the government is limited to powers clearly stated in the constitution

Whiskey Rebellion

A 1794 uprising in western pennsylvania that opposed the federal excise tax on whiskey

Political Party

An organization of people who seek to win elections and hold public office in order to shape government policy

Democratic Republicans

Led by Jefferson and Madison, one of the first political parties in the United States and also known as the Republicans

Little Turtle

An American Leader of the Miami people. Resisting American expansion into the North West Territory

Battle of Fallen Timbers

A 1794 battle in which federal troops defeated the Miami confederacy of American Indians

French Revolution

An uprising against the French monarchy that began in 1789

John Jay

He was sent by Washington to London to negotiate a compromise with the British

XYZ Affair

A diplomatic controversy in 1798 in which French officials demanded bribes of American negotiators

Alien and Sedition Acts

1798 laws that allowed the government to imprison or deport non-citizen immigrants known as aliens, and to prosecute those who criticized the government

Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions

State resolutions passed in 1798 declaring the Alien and Sedition Acts unconstitutional

Aaron Burr

He was the third vice president of the United States. Burr challenged Hamilton to a duel in 1804, during which Hamilton was killed.

Bureaucracy

A group of departments and officials that make up an organization, such as government

John Marshall

Was the fourth chief justice of the United states. After serving under George Washington in the Revolutionary war, including the winter at valley forge.

Judicial review

The power of the supreme court to decide whether acts of a president or laws passed by Congress are constitutional

Marbury V Madison

The 1803 supreme court case that establish the principle of judicial review

Louisiana Purchase

The 1803 purchase from France by the United States of the territory between the Mississippi River and the rocky mountains

Lewis and Clark Expedition

The 1804 expedition sent by president Jefferson to explore the newly acquired Louisiana territory

Barbary War

A war between the Barbary States and the United States

Impressment

A policy of seizing people or property for military or public service

Embargo

An official ban or restriction on trade

Tecumseh

Was a Shawnee warrior from the Ohio valley who spear headed a spiritual and military resistance movement among America Indians in the early 1800s

Battle of Tippecanoe

An 1811 battle in the Indiana Territory between American Indians and United States troops in which the American Indians were defeated.

War Hawks

Members of Congress who pushed for war against Great Britain in the years leading up to the war of 1812.

War of 1812

A war between the United States and Great Britain that lasted from 1812 to 1815

Andrew Jackson

Was an American military officer before serving in the U.S. HOR and Senate, and finally as the seventh U.S. president from 1829-1837.

Francis Scott Key

Wrote the star spangled banner

The Star-Spangled Banner

The national anthem of U.S.A

Battle of New Orleans

War of 1812 battle when the United States defeated the British in January of 1815

Treaty of Ghent

An 1814 agreement that ended the war of 1812

Hartford Convention

A 1814 meeting of federalists from New England who opposed the war of 1812 and demanded constitutional amendment to empower the region