Muscles

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the attachment of a muscle to the stationary bone

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1

the attachment of a muscle to the stationary bone

origin

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2

the attachment of a muscle to the movable bone

insertion

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3

the movements that occur when the muscle contracts; usually pulling one bone towards or away from another

action

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4

epicranial aponeurosis

origin of frontalis

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5

skin superior to orbit

insertion of frontalis

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6
  • draws scalp anteriorly

  • raises eyebrows

  • wrinkles skin horizontally (surprise)

action of frontalis

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7

occipital bone and mastoid process of temporal bone

origin of occipital belly

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8

epicranial aponeurosis

insertion of occipital belly

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9

draws scalp posteriorly

action of occipital belly

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10

medial wall of orbit

origin of orbicularis oculi

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11

circular path around orbit

insertion of orbicularis oculi

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12

closes eye

action of orbicularis oculi

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13

zygomatic bone, more superiorly

origin of zygomaticus minor

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14

upper lip

insertion of zygomaticus minor

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15

raises upper lip, exposing upper teeth

action of zygomaticus minor

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16

zygomatic bone, more inferiorly

origin of zygomaticus major

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17

skin at angle of mouth and orbicularis oris

insertion of zygomaticus major

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18

draws angle of mouth superiorly and laterally, (smiling)

action of zygomaticus major

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19

maxilla and zygomatic arch

origin of masseter

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20

angle and ramus of mandible

insertion of masseter

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21

elevates mandible, as closing mouth

action of masseter

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22

muscle fibers surrounding opening of mouth

origin of orbicularis oris

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23

skin at corner of the mouth

insertion of orbicularis oris

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24

closes and protrudes lips (kissing), compresses lips against teeth, and shapes lips during speech

action of orbicularis oris

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25

sternal head: manubrium of sternum

clavicular head: medial 1/3 of clavicle

origin of sternocleidomastoid

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26

mastoid process of the temporal bone

insertion of sternocleidomastoid

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27

bilateral: flex the cervical portion of the vertebral column

unilateral: laterally rotate and flex head to opposite side of contracting muscle

action of sternocleidomastoid

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28

superior nuchal line of occipital bone, spines of C7-T12

origin of trapezius

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29

clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula

insertion of trapezius

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30

Reverse Muscle Action

RMA

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31

superior fibers: rotate scapula upward

middle fibers: adduct scapula

inferior fibers: depress and rotate scapula upward; stabilize scapula

RMA: extends head at neck

action of trapezius

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32

spines of T7-L5 vertebrae, sacral crest, iliac crest, ribs 9-12 via thoracolumbar fascia

origin of latissimus dorsi

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33

intertubercular sulcus of humerus

insertion of latissimus dorsi

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34

extends, adducts, and medially rotates arm at shoulder

RMA: elevates vertebral column and torso

action of latissimus dorsi

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35

acromion and spine of scapula

origin of deltoid

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36

deltoid tuberosity of humerus

insertion of deltoid

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37

anterior fibers: flexes and medially rotate arm at shoulder

lateral fibers: abduct arm at shoulder

posterior fibers: extends and laterally rotate arm at shoulder

action of deltoid

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38

clavicle, sternum, and costal cartilages of ribs 2-6

origin of pectoralis major

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39

greater tubercle of humerus; upper limb muscle

insertion of pectoralis major

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40

adducts and medially rotates arm at shoulder

action of pectoralis major

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41

long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

short head: coracoid process of scapula

origin of biceps brachii

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42

radial tuberosity of radius and bicipital aponeurosis

insertion of biceps brachii

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43
  • flexes arm at shoulder

  • flexes forearm at elbow

  • supinates forearm at radioulnar joints

action of biceps brachii

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44

long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula

lateral head: lateral and posterior surface of humerus

medial head: posterior surface of humerus

origin of triceps brachii

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45

olecranon of ulna

insertion of triceps brachii

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46
  • extends forearm at elbow

  • extends arm at shoulder

action of triceps brachii

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47

supraspinatus fossa of scapula

origin of supraspinatus

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48

greater tubercle of humerus; most superior muscle of the rotator cuff

insertion of supraspinatus

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49

assists deltoid in abducting arm at shoulder

action of supraspinatus

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50

infraspinatus fossa of scapula

origin of infraspinatus

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51

greater tubercle of humerus; between the supraspinatus and teres minor muscles of the rotator cuff

insertion of infraspinatus

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52

laterally rotates arm at shoulder

action of infraspinatus

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53

inferior, lateral border of scapula

origin of teres minor

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54

greater tubercle of humerus, most inferior muscle of the rotator cuff

insertion of teres minor

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55

laterally rotates and extends arm at shoulder

action of teres minor

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56

subscapular fossa of scapula

origin of subscapularis

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57

lesser tubercle of humerus

insertion of subscapularis

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58

medially rotates arm at shoulder

action of subscapularis

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59

pubic crest and pubic symphysis

origin of rectus abdominus

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60

cartilage of ribs 5-7 and xiphoid process

insertion of rectus abdominus

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61

flexes vertebral column; compresses abdomen

RMA: flexes pelvis on the vertebral column

action of rectus abdominus

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62

ribs 5-12

origin of external oblique

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63

iliac crest of ilium

insertion of external oblique

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64

bilateral: flexes vertebral column; compresses abdomen

unilateral: laterally flexes and rotates vertebral column

action of external oblique

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65

iliac crest of ilium; cartilages of ribs 5-10

origin of transverse abdominus

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66

xiphoid process, linea alba, and pubis

insertion of transverse abdominus

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67

compresses abdomen

action of transverse abdominus

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68

iliac crest of ilium, sacrum, and coccyx

origin of gluteus maximus

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69

gluteal tuberosity and linea aspera of femur

insertion of gluteus maximus

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70

extends and laterally rotates thigh at hip

action of gluteus maximus

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71

anterior superior iliac spine of ilium; pelvic/thigh muscle

origin of sartorius

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72

medial surface of body of tibia; anterior muscle of the pelvis and thigh

insertion of sartorius

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73

weakly flexes leg at knee

weakly flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh at hip

action of sartorius

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74

body and inferior ramus of pubis

origin of gracilis

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75

medial surface of body of tibia; medial muscle of the pelvis and thigh

insertion of gracilis

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76
  • adducts and medially rotates thigh at hip

  • flexes leg at knee

action of gracilis

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77

anterior inferior iliac spine of ilium (A.I.I.S)

origin of rectus femoris

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78

tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon; most superficial quadricep muscle

insertion of rectus femoris

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79

flexes thigh at hip; extends leg at knee

action of rectus femoris

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80

greater trochanter and linea aspera of femur

origin of vastus lateralis

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81

tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon; most lateral quadricep muscle

insertion of vastus lateralis

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82

extends leg at knee

action of vastus lateralis

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83

linea aspera of femur

origin of vastus medialis

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84

tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon; medial quadricep muscle

insertion of vastus medialis

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85

extends leg at knee

action of vastus medialis

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86

anterior and lateral surfaces of body of femur

origin of vastus intermedialis

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87

tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon; quadricep muscle deep to the rectus femoris

insertion of vastus intermedialis

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88

extends leg at knee

action of vastus intermedialis

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89

long head: ischial tuberosity of ischium

short head: linea aspera of femur

origin of biceps femoris

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90

head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia

insertion of biceps femoris

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91

extends thigh at hip, most lateral hamstring muscle

action of biceps femoris

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92

ischial tuberosity

origin of semitendinosus

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93

proximal part of tibia medial to tibial tuberosity

insertion of semitendinosus

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94

“half tendon” extends thigh at hip

action of semitendinosus

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95

ischial tuberosity

origin of semimembranosus

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96

medial condyle of tibia

insertion of semimembranosus

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97

flexes leg at knee; extends thigh at hip

action of semimembranosus

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98

lateral condyle and body of tibia; interosseous membrane

origin of tibialis anterior

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99

metatarsal I and medial cuneiform

insertion of tibialis anterior

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100

dorsiflexes foot at ankle; inverts foot at intertarsal joints

action of tibialis anterior

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