Reactions of Acids

What is PH?

A measure ofhow acidic or alkaline an aqueous solution is

What is the range of the pH scale?

0-14

What does a higher pH mean?

The more ALKALI a solution is.

What type of ions do acids release?

Hydrogen ions

What is the pH of an acid?

less than 7

What type of ions do alkalis release?

hydroxide ions

What is the pH of an alkali?

greater than 7

What is the pH of a neutral solution, and why?

pH of 7 showing a balance between H⁺ and OH⁻ ions.

What are the two types of pH measurement tools?

1. Indicators (e.g. universal indicator)

2 . Digital pH meter

What does a universal indicator do?

It changes colour across the full pH scale (0-14) to show how acidic or alkaline a solution is.

How does a pH probe work?

The pH probe is immersed in the solution, and the meter gives a reading for the pH values.

What is neutralisation?

a type of chemical reaction where an acid and base react to form salt plus water

What is the equation for a neutralisation reaction?

Acid + Base → Salt + Water.

What happens in a neutralisation reaction?

The reaction involves the transfer of H⁺ ions from the acid to the OH⁻ ions of the alkali

What is an acid?

solutions that release Hydrogen IONS (H⁺) in water.

What is a base?

A substance that can neutralise an acid

What is an alkali?

Bases that are soluble in water

What is the type of salt formed when an acid reacts with hydrochloric acid

Chloride salt

What is the type of salt formed when an acid reacts with Nitric acid?

Nitrate salt

What is the type of salt formed when an acid reacts with sulfuric acid?

Sulphate salt

What is the reaction of an acid and a metal oxide?

Acid + Metal Oxide → Salt + Water

What is the reaction of an acid and a metal hydroxide?

Acid + Metal Hydroxide → Salt + Water

Is metal carbonate a base?

Yes

What is the reaction of an acid and a metal carbonate?

Acid + Metal Carbonate → Salt + Water + Carbon Dioxide

What is the symbol equation for making copper sulphate?

H₂SO₄ + CuO → CuSO₄ + H₂O.