Endocrine Drugs
0.0(0)
Studied by 1 person
Call Kai
Learn
Practice Test
Spaced Repetition
Match
Flashcards
Knowt PlayCard Sorting
1/104
Earn XP
Description and Tags
Last updated 1:07 AM on 3/20/23
Name | Mastery | Learn | Test | Matching | Spaced | Call with Kai |
|---|
No analytics yet
Send a link to your students to track their progress
105 Terms
1
New cards
What controls the pituitary gland?
Hypothalamus
2
New cards
Anterior Pituitary Gland
Synthesizes and secrete hormones
3
New cards
Posterior Pituitary Gland
Stores and releases hormones synthesized in hypothalamus
4
New cards
Anterior Pituitary Hormones
\-Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
\-Growth Hormone (GH)
\-Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
\-Growth Hormone (GH)
\-Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
5
New cards
Posterior Pituitary Hormone
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
6
New cards
Drug Therapy
\-Replaces a deficient hormone
\-Diagnostic aid
\-Augment/antagonize natural effects of pituitary hormones
\-Diagnostic aid
\-Augment/antagonize natural effects of pituitary hormones
7
New cards
Is Somatropin released from the anterior or posterior gland?
Anterior
8
New cards
Somatropin is a ____ mimetic
Growth Hormone
9
New cards
What does Somatropin do?
Promote linear growth in children lacking endogenous GH
10
New cards
Somatropin Administration
SQ 6-7 days per week
11
New cards
Somatropin Adverse Effects
\-Edema
\-Headache
\-Increased risk of T2 DM (cause hyperglycemia)
\-Headache
\-Increased risk of T2 DM (cause hyperglycemia)
12
New cards
Acromegaly is caused by…
Excessive growth hormone (pituitary tumor)
13
New cards
Acromegaly Clinical Manifestations
\-Starts in adulthood
\-Enlarged nose, ears, hands and feet
\-Deep voice, thick/oily skin, joint pain, increased sweating, vision problems, HA, organ enlargement
\-Impaired glucose tolerance
\-Enlarged nose, ears, hands and feet
\-Deep voice, thick/oily skin, joint pain, increased sweating, vision problems, HA, organ enlargement
\-Impaired glucose tolerance
14
New cards
Octreotide is a ____ analog
Somatostatin
\-Mimics GH inhibiting hormone
\-Mimics GH inhibiting hormone
15
New cards
Octreotide Indications
\-Acromegaly
\-Carcinoid Tumors
\-Acute upper GI bleed of unknown origin
\-Carcinoid Tumors
\-Acute upper GI bleed of unknown origin
16
New cards
When should Octreotide dose be reduced?
\-Older adults
\-Hepatic/renal failure
\-Hepatic/renal failure
17
New cards
Octreotide Adverse Effects
\-CNS
\-GI
\-Cardiac
\-Respiratory
\-Musculoskeletal
\-Impaired glucose regulation
\-GI
\-Cardiac
\-Respiratory
\-Musculoskeletal
\-Impaired glucose regulation
18
New cards
Diabetes Insipidus
Damage to pituitary gland leads to lack of ADH
19
New cards
Diabetes Insipidus Clinical Manifestations
\-Polyuria
\-Polydipsia
\-Hypernatremia
\-Water looks like urine
\-Polydipsia
\-Hypernatremia
\-Water looks like urine
20
New cards
Diabetes Insipidus Usual Treatment
Desmopressin
21
New cards
Where is Desmopressin released from?
Posterior pituitary
22
New cards
Desmopressin is ___ mimetic
ADH
23
New cards
Desmopressin Indications
\-DI
\-Hemophilia A
\-Von Willebrand Disease
\-Nocturia
\-Nocturnal Emesis
\-Hemophilia A
\-Von Willebrand Disease
\-Nocturia
\-Nocturnal Emesis
24
New cards
Desmopressin Black Box Warning
Hyponatremia
25
New cards
The Thyroid secretes….
\-Thyroxine (T4)
\-Triidothyronine (T3)
\-Calcitonin
\-Triidothyronine (T3)
\-Calcitonin
26
New cards
Thyroid hormones are produced by…
Coupling iodide and tyrosine
27
New cards
Thyroid Hormones Primary Deficiency
Thyroid Gland
28
New cards
Thyroid Hormones Secondary Deficiency
Pituitary Gland (TSH)
29
New cards
Hypothyroidism
\-Congenital is caused by lack of iodine in mother’s diet
\-Myxedema
\-Goiters
\-Myxedema
\-Goiters
30
New cards
Myxedema
Hypothyroidism occurring after childhood
31
New cards
Myxedema Coma
Severe life-threatening hypothyroidism
32
New cards
Goiters
Visible enlargement of thyroid gland
\-Caused by overstimulation of thyroid gland
\-Caused by overstimulation of thyroid gland
33
New cards
Hypothyroidism Treatment
Levothyroxine
34
New cards
Levothyroxine MOA
\-Induce changes in the cellular rate
\-Stimulate CV system
\-Diuretic effect
\-Stimulate CV system
\-Diuretic effect
35
New cards
Levothyroxine is in what pregnancy category?
A
36
New cards
Is Levothyroxine dosed in Mg or Mcg?
Mcg
37
New cards
Is Levothyroxine lifelong therapy?
Yes, with routine monitoring
38
New cards
Is Levothyroxine chemically pure?
Yes
39
New cards
Levothyroxine Adverse Effects
S/S of hyperthyroidism
40
New cards
Levothyroxine should be used in caution with…
\-Older adults
\-Existing heart disease
\-Existing heart disease
41
New cards
Hypothyroidism ___ things ___
slows: down
42
New cards
Hyperthyroidism ____ things ____
speeds; up
43
New cards
Hypothyroidism Cardiovascular Effects
\-Increased capillary fragility
\-Decreased CO
\-Decreased BP
\-Decreased HR
\-Cardiac enlargement
\-Anemia
\-Rapid development of atherosclerosis
\-Decreased CO
\-Decreased BP
\-Decreased HR
\-Cardiac enlargement
\-Anemia
\-Rapid development of atherosclerosis
44
New cards
Hyperthyroidism Cardiovascular Effects
\-Increased CO
\-Increased systolic/decreased diastolic BP
\-Increased HR
\-Cardiac dysrhythmias
\-Increased blood volume
\-Increased systolic/decreased diastolic BP
\-Increased HR
\-Cardiac dysrhythmias
\-Increased blood volume
45
New cards
Hypothyroidism Central Nervous System Effects
\-Lethargy
\-Emotional dullness
\-Slow speech, slurring, hoarseness
\-Hypoactive reflexes
\-Forgetfulness, mental sluggishness
\-Excessive drowsiness and sleeping
\-Emotional dullness
\-Slow speech, slurring, hoarseness
\-Hypoactive reflexes
\-Forgetfulness, mental sluggishness
\-Excessive drowsiness and sleeping
46
New cards
Hyperthyroidism Central Nervous System Effects
\-Nervousness
\-Emotional instability
\-Restlessness
\-Hyperactive reflexes
\-Anxiety
\-Insomnia
\-Emotional instability
\-Restlessness
\-Hyperactive reflexes
\-Anxiety
\-Insomnia
47
New cards
Hypothyroidism Metabolic Effects
\-Cold intolerance
\-Subnormal temperature
\-Increased cholesterol
\-Weight gain
\-Subnormal temperature
\-Increased cholesterol
\-Weight gain
48
New cards
Hyperthyroidism Metabolic Effects
\-Heat intolerance
\-Low-grade fever
\-Weight loss/increased appetite
\-Low-grade fever
\-Weight loss/increased appetite
49
New cards
Hypothyroidism GI Effects
\-Decreased appetite
\-Constipation
\-Constipation
50
New cards
Hyperthyroidism GI Effects
\-Increased appetite
\-Abdominal cramps
\-N/V/D
\-Abdominal cramps
\-N/V/D
51
New cards
Hypothyroidism Muscular Effects
\-Weakness
\-Fatigue
\-Vague aches and pains
\-Fatigue
\-Vague aches and pains
52
New cards
Hyperthyroidism Muscular Effects
\-Weakness
\-Fatigue
\-Muscle atrophy and tremors
\-Fatigue
\-Muscle atrophy and tremors
53
New cards
Hypothyroidism Integumentary Effects
\-Dry, course, and thick skin
\-Puffy face and eyelids
\-Dry and thinned hair
\-Dry, thick, and brittle nails
\-Puffy face and eyelids
\-Dry and thinned hair
\-Dry, thick, and brittle nails
54
New cards
Hyperthyroidism Integumentary Effects
\-Moist, warm and flushed skin
\-Increased sweating
\-Localized edema around eyelids
\-Soft hair and nails
\-Increased sweating
\-Localized edema around eyelids
\-Soft hair and nails
55
New cards
Hypothyroidism Reproductive Effects
\-Prolonged menstrual periods
\-Infertility or sterility
\-Decreased libido
\-Infertility or sterility
\-Decreased libido
56
New cards
Hyperthyroidism Reproductive Effects
Absent or infrequent menstrual periods
57
New cards
Hypothyroidism Miscellaneous Effects
Increased
\-Susceptibility to infection
\-Sensitivity to narcotics, barbiturates and anesthetics due to slowed metabolism
\-Susceptibility to infection
\-Sensitivity to narcotics, barbiturates and anesthetics due to slowed metabolism
58
New cards
Hyperthyroidism Miscellaneous Effects
\-Increased susceptibility to infection
\-SOB
\-Hoarse, rapid speech
\-Polyuria
\-Excessive perspiration
\-SOB
\-Hoarse, rapid speech
\-Polyuria
\-Excessive perspiration
59
New cards
Hyperthyroidism is…
Excessive thyroid hormones
60
New cards
Hyperthyroidism Causes…
\-Graves’ disease
\-Thyroiditis
\-Over treatment with thyroid drugs
\-Thyroiditis
\-Over treatment with thyroid drugs
61
New cards
Hyperthyroidism Treatment
\-Radioactive iodine (destroys thyroid gland to prevent hyper secretion of thyroid hormones)
\-Surgical thyroidectomy
\-Antithyroid medication
\-Surgical thyroidectomy
\-Antithyroid medication
62
New cards
Propylthiouracil (PTU) MOA
\-Inhibit coupling of iodine and tyrosine
\-Impedes formation of thyroid hormone
\-Can’t inactivate already active thyroid hormone
\-Impedes formation of thyroid hormone
\-Can’t inactivate already active thyroid hormone
63
New cards
Propylthiouracil (PTU) Black Box Warning
Hepatotoxicity
64
New cards
Propylthiouracil (PTU) Long Term Use Effects
\-Euthyroid
\-Hypothyroid state
\-Hypothyroid state
65
New cards
Propylthiouracil (PTU) Adverse Effects
S/S of hypothyroidism
66
New cards
Propylthiouracil (PTU) Children/Pregnancy
\-Category D
\-Should not be used in children
\-Should not be used in children
67
New cards
When should Levothyroxine be taken?
First thing in the morning at the same time
68
New cards
Should Levothyroxine be taken with or without food?
Without-always on an empty stomach
69
New cards
Levothyroxine Brands should never…
Be changed without prescriber authorization
70
New cards
Levothyroxine should be used in caution in patients with…
DM
\-Worsens glycemic control
\-Worsens glycemic control
71
New cards
Propylthiouracil Should be Take…
Around the clock in evenly divided doses
72
New cards
Should Propylthiouracil be taken with or without food?
Either but it should be consistent
\-Better tolerated WITH food
\-Better tolerated WITH food
73
New cards
Propylthiouracil Can Cause…
Bleeding and bone marrow suppression
74
New cards
In addition to monitoring the thyroid, what else should be monitored in patient taking Propylthiouracil?
Liver function
75
New cards
What foods should be avoided in patient taking Propylthiouracil?
High in tyrosine
76
New cards
Corticosteroids are regulated by the…
HPA axis
77
New cards
Corticosteroids include…
\-Mineralocorticoids
\-Glucocorticoids
\-Sex hormones
\-Glucocorticoids
\-Sex hormones
78
New cards
The medulla produces…
Catecholamines
\-Epinephrine
\-Norepinephrine
\-Epinephrine
\-Norepinephrine
79
New cards
Circadian Rhythm
24 hour period
80
New cards
Circadian Rhythm While Sleeping
Hypothalamus releases corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH)
81
New cards
Circadian Rhythm In the Morning
\-Pituitary releases adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
\-Adrenal cortex releases corticosteroids
\-Adrenal cortex releases corticosteroids
82
New cards
Cosyntropin is released from the…
Anterior pituitary
83
New cards
Cosyntropin is ____ mimetic
ACTH
84
New cards
What is Cosyntropin used for?
Adrenocortical insufficiency
Diagnostics
Diagnostics
85
New cards
Cushing Syndrome is caused by…
Hyper secretion of adrenocortical hormones
86
New cards
Cushing Syndrome S/S
\-Round face
\-Buffalo hump
\-Virilization
\-Ecchymoses
\-Weak muscles
\-Weight gain
\-Thin arms/legs
\-Stretch marks
\-Buffalo hump
\-Virilization
\-Ecchymoses
\-Weak muscles
\-Weight gain
\-Thin arms/legs
\-Stretch marks
87
New cards
Cushing Syndrome Complications
\-Osteoporosis
\-Fractures
\-Elevated blood glucose
\-Glucose intolerance
\-Peptic ulcers
\-Blood clots
\-Mood changes
\-High BP
\-High cholesterol
\-Memory issues
\-Fractures
\-Elevated blood glucose
\-Glucose intolerance
\-Peptic ulcers
\-Blood clots
\-Mood changes
\-High BP
\-High cholesterol
\-Memory issues
88
New cards
Cushing Syndrome Nursing Care
Monitor
\-Electrolytes
\-Blood glucose
\-Vital signs
\-Electrolytes
\-Blood glucose
\-Vital signs
89
New cards
Addison’s Disease is caused by…
\-Under secret of adrenocortical hormones
\-Destruction of the adrenal cortex
\-Destruction of the adrenal cortex
90
New cards
Addison’s Disease S/S
\-Hyponatremia
\-Hypoglycemia
\-Hyperkalemia
\-Dehydration
\-Weight loss
\-Weakness
\-Fatigue
\-Lethargy
\-Nausea
\-Vomiting
\-Hypoglycemia
\-Hyperkalemia
\-Dehydration
\-Weight loss
\-Weakness
\-Fatigue
\-Lethargy
\-Nausea
\-Vomiting
91
New cards
Secondary Adrenocortical Insufficiency
\-Removal of pituitary gland
\-Abrupt withdrawal of oral glucocorticoids
\-Abrupt withdrawal of oral glucocorticoids
92
New cards
Glucocorticoids
\-Affect metabolism of carbs, fats and proteins
\-Anti-inflammatory
\-Maintains BP
\-Stress Response
\-Best given in the AM
\-Chronic use can lead to HPA axis suppression and increased infection risk
\-Anti-inflammatory
\-Maintains BP
\-Stress Response
\-Best given in the AM
\-Chronic use can lead to HPA axis suppression and increased infection risk
93
New cards
Mineralocorticoids
\-Primarily aldosterone
\-Regulate electrolyte and water balance
(Increase resorption of water/sodium and excretion of potassium)
\-Regulate electrolyte and water balance
(Increase resorption of water/sodium and excretion of potassium)
94
New cards
Glucocorticoids Indications
\-Allergic/Hypersensitivity Reactions
\-Skin disorders
\-Endocrine disorders
\-GI disorders
\-Some cancers
\-Neurologic conditions
\-Renal and hepatic disorders with edema
\-Respiratory disorders
\-Rheumatic disorders
\-Skin disorders
\-Endocrine disorders
\-GI disorders
\-Some cancers
\-Neurologic conditions
\-Renal and hepatic disorders with edema
\-Respiratory disorders
\-Rheumatic disorders
95
New cards
Glucocorticoids Contraindications
Avoid in
\-Active infections
\-Other immunosuppressants
\-Live vaccines
Caution in
\-Gastritis, reflect disease, ulcer disease
\-DM
\-Cardiac, renal, or liver dysfunction
\-Active infections
\-Other immunosuppressants
\-Live vaccines
Caution in
\-Gastritis, reflect disease, ulcer disease
\-DM
\-Cardiac, renal, or liver dysfunction
96
New cards
Glucocorticoids Adverse Effects
\-Increased appetite
\-Altered sleep cycles
\-Hyperglycemia
\-Psychosis
\-Prolonged treatment causes adrenal suppression
\-Osteoporosis
\-Fragile skin
\-Hair loss
\-Altered sleep cycles
\-Hyperglycemia
\-Psychosis
\-Prolonged treatment causes adrenal suppression
\-Osteoporosis
\-Fragile skin
\-Hair loss
97
New cards
Prednisone: Glucocorticoids
\-ORAL
\-Most common
\-Anti-inflamm and immunosuppressive
\-Treat acute respiratory illness
\-Can not manage Addisons
\-Most common
\-Anti-inflamm and immunosuppressive
\-Treat acute respiratory illness
\-Can not manage Addisons
98
New cards
Methylprednisolone: Glucocorticoids
\-IV form
\-Not in neonates
\-Acute issues
\-Not in neonates
\-Acute issues
99
New cards
Hydrocortisone: Glucocorticoids
\-Topically
\-Anti-inflammatory and itching
\-Anti-inflammatory and itching
100
New cards
Dexamethasone: Glucocorticoids
Cerebral Edema
Note 
Flashcards (56)