psc notes 2

Why did the framers of the Constitution regard Congress as the 'first branch' of government?

They expected it to be the strongest branch.

What powers are specifically granted to Congress under Article I?

The power to make laws, tax, spend, and declare war.

What is the significance of the 'conference committee' in the law-making process?

It resolves differences between House and Senate versions of a bill.

What is meant by 'enumerated powers' in the context of Congress?

Powers explicitly listed in Article I, Section 8, such as taxation and declaring war.

How do 'implied powers' relate to the powers of Congress?

Implied powers allow Congress to stretch its authority using the elastic clause.

What are some characteristics of the House of Representatives?

Larger (435 members), 2-year terms, more formal rules, and majority party dominance.

How does the Senate differ from the House of Representatives?

The Senate is smaller (100 members), has 6-year terms, unlimited debate unless cloture is invoked, and allows filibusters.

What obstacles can impede the passing of laws in Congress?

Committees, bicameralism, filibuster, presidential veto, judicial review, partisanship, and public opinion.

Why did the framers aim to make Congress a slow and deliberative body?

To prevent rash laws and balance majority rule with minority rights.

What role do public opinion and interest groups play in the legislative process?

They can shape or stall legislation.