quizmass #3 - gels, transformation, and chromatography

mobile

the sample and buffer are part of the ___ phase in chromatography

stationary

the resin is party of the ___ phase in chromatography

SEC

The type of chromatography used to separate molecules by Daltons is ___ chromatography

largest

what size protein is the first to exit in SEC?

cation exchange

The type of chromatography used to filter out positively chargers proteins is ____ ____ chromatography

negative

With a negative resin the ___ protein is the first to exit

hydrophobic

The type of chromatography used to filter out non-polar proteins is ___ chromatography

affinity

The type of chromatography used to filter out proteins by conformation is ___ chromatography

antibodies

Capture ___ are attached to the resin to recognize molecules of interest in affinity chromatography.

gel electrophoresis

A horizontal method used to evaluate DNA fragments is called ______

current

Gel electrophoresis uses ___ to push the molecules

agarose

Gels are made of ___

smaller

The higher %s of gels filter out ___ fragments.

electrolyte buffer

An ___ ___ is added to the reservoir to conduct electricity and maintain pH.

positive, anode

DNA molecules move toward the ___ pole called the ___.

smaller

___ molecules travel the farthest in gel electrophoresis.

PAGE

A vertical system of gel filtration is called ___

small, proteins

PAGE is used to separate ___ RNA/DNA molecules and ___

native

The term ___ when using PAGE means the natural conformation

SDS

___ is used to coat proteins in negative charge and make them linear.

dialysis

A semipermeable membrane used to exchange fluids by molarity is called ___ tubing.

southern blotting

Original DNA fingerprinting was through the process of ___ ___ .

RFLPs

NTRs called ___ were used to identify differences within populations.

STRs

Current fingerprinting uses PCR and smaller fragments called ___.

ethidium bromide

In the original southern blotting process, gels were stained with ___ ___ to fluoresce.

nitrocellulose, dried milk

In southern blotting, DNA was drawn onto ___ paper by wicking suing the blocking agent ___ ___ and a stack of paper towels.

A, T, C, G

What are the 4 nucleic acids?

C and G

Which nucleic acids pair to form 3 H-bonds?

A and T

Which nucleic acids pair to form 2 H-bonds?

aseptic

A technique used to reduce contamination of cell cultures is ___ technique.

plasmid

ideal prokaryotic vector is a ___

virus (shuttle)

ideal eukaryotic vector is a ___

transformation

Process in which bacteria pick up plasmids is called ___

log

bacteria in the ___ phase are most capable to pick up plasmids

CaCl2

exposing the cell membrane to the chemical ___ makes it more competent

heat

The process of ___ shock opens up the pores to increase efficiency

cold

the process of ___ shock closes the pores trapping in the plasmids

transfected, electroporation

Eukaryotic cells are ___ by using an electrical current through the process of ___ .

restriction

plasmids are opened with the ___ enzyme

sticky

a gene of interest is inserted because it has the same ___ ends

ligase

Insertion is made permanent with the enzyme ___ which joins the ends together.

miniprep

purification of plasmids from a digested bacterium is called ___.

centrifuge

the first step of miniprep is to use a ___ to separate cells parts by mass.

ethanol

the final step in miniprep is using ice cold ___ to precipitate the plasmid in the supernatant

ORI

The site that signifies the beginning of replication is the ___.

restriction (MCS)

A ___ site where the gene of interest is inserted

antibiotic resistance

An ___ ___ gene is inserted so that the bacteria can eb grown on differential media.

transcription

The process of creating mRNA from DNA is called ___

translation, ribosome

The process of reading mRNA to make proteins is called ___ and occurs at the ___.

g

DNA taken directly from a eukaryotic organism is classified as __ DNA

r

When a foreign gene is inserted into a plasmid it is now classified as __ DNA.

c, introns

DNA made by the process of reverse transcription of mRNA is called __ DNA as it now lack NTRs called ___

p

common bacterial insertion vector is called __ DNA

operon

Control of the recombinant gene expression, in bacteria, is commonly done with an ___ unit.

repressor, RNA Polymerase

A protein called the ___ binds to the operator to block ___ ___ attachment to the promoter region.

inducer, transcription

A molecule called the ___ attaches to the protein blocking the promoter causing it to change conformation and fall off allowing ___ of the gene units.